Affirmative Action (copy)

Where did the Phrase Affirmative action first appear?

In President Kennedy Executive Order 10925

What did President Kennedy executive order ensure?

That employees should be treated equally regardless of their race, colour or national origin

What has affirmative action allowed?

For traditionally disadvantaged groups to be provided with additional advantages to try and create a more equal society

What did Fisher V University of Texas (2013) rule?

that race can be a consideration in university admissions however a court would need to confirm this was “Necessary” (strict scrutiny)

What did Fisher V The University Of Texas (2016) rule?

That the court found that the university met requirements of strict scrutiny

What did Schuette V Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action rule?

That the ban on affirmative action in Michigan was not unconstitutional

Which two immigration acts did Obama fail to pass?

• DREAM Act

• BiPartisan Border Security, Economic opportunity and migration Modernisation Act 2013

What did Obama turn to for immigration reform?

Executive orders

What did DACA 2012 allow for?

Illegal Immigrants who met certain conditions to remain in the USA free from the fear of deportation

What did DAPA and DACA allow for and what did it not allow for?

• Allowed for 11 million immigrants to be free from deportation

• Did not give them access to citizenship

What did Trump V Hawaii rule?

That Trumps “Travel Ban” was not unconstitutional and fell within the remit of executive orders

What has increased in the federal government?

Representation of minorities

What did Shelby County V Holder strike down?

Parts of the 1964 Voting Rights Act- Required areas with historic records of making it difficult for minorities to vote to gain federal clearance before changing electoral regulations.

After Shelby County V Holder what did North Carolina do?

Introduced the requirement for Voter ID