Bio II: Lab 10 Quiz

organ systems

group of organs in the body that work together to accomplish specific functionc

muscular system

movement of the skeleton and maintenance of posture.

tendons

fibrous connective tissues that attach muscles to bones.

contraction of the muscles…

leads to body movement/action

neck muscles

masseter, sternohyoid, sternomastoid

chest muscles

pectoralis major, pectoralis minor

arm muscles (ventral)

biceps brachii, triceps brachii

abdominal muscles

external oblique, rectus abdominus

lateral muscles

spinotrapezius, spinodeltoid, masseter

posterior legs (dorsal)

biceps femoris, gluteus maximus

posterior legs (ventral)

gracilis, gastrocnemius

calcaneal tendon is also called the…

achilles tendon

the calcaneal tendon attaches the _____________ muscle to the lower leg

gastrocnemius

respiratory system

gas exchange; filters, moistens, and warms air before it reaches alveoli

thoracic cavity

submandibular glands, thyroid, larynx, trachea, lungs, thymus gland

submandibular glands

major salivary glands found along the base of the mandible; secretes saliva

thyroid

hormone regulation for metabolism and blood calcium levels

larynx

contains the vocal cords; air conducting passageway

trachea

continuously right after larynx; air conducting passageway

lungs

terminate into tiny alveoli; gas exchange

thymus gland

immune system organ just above the heart

major difference in human and mouse lungs

humans —> goblet cells, basal cells

digestive system

breakdown of food mechanically and enzymatically; breaks it down to be absorbed by GI tract

abdominal cavity

esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, spleen, pancreas

esophagus

muscular tube that conducts food from pharynx to stomach

stomach

mechanical and chemical digestion of food

small intestine

completes food digestion; primary site of nutrient absorption

large intestine

absorption of water; vitamin synthesis

liver

bile synthesis, detoxification, glycogen storage

spleen

stores blood, blood cell removal and destruction

pancreas

secretion of digestive enzymes, buffers, and hormones