14. Vaccine and Vaccination - PID

Vaccine

A suspension of antigens that is administered to induce immunity

microbial pathogens

A majority of current vaccines derive from _________ ___________ for controlling infectious disease.

infectious disease

A majority of current vaccines derive from microbial pathogens for controlling ___________ ___________.

preservatives, stabilizers

Vaccines contain protective antigens, ___________ and _________, antibiotics inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth, and an adjuvant enhancing the immune response to the Ag.

antigens

Vaccines contain protective ___________, preservatives and stabilizers, antibiotics inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth, and an adjuvant enhancing the immune response to the Ag.

antibiotics

Vaccines contain protective antigens, preservatives and stabilizers, __________ inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth, and an adjuvant enhancing the immune response to the Ag.

adjuvant

Vaccines contain protective antigens, preservatives and stabilizers, antibiotics inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth, and an __________ enhancing the immune response to the Ag.

adjuvant

Chemical compounds included in vaccines that enhance the immune response to an antigens

delay, induce, chemokines, leukocytes

Adjuvants have two major MOAs.

1. __________ the release of the Ag from the injection site

2. _________ secretion of _____________ by ___________.

ideal vaccine

Inexpensive, stable, long-lived immunity, and consistent formation are qualities of an

infectious

An attenuated vaccine using intact and viable organisms is a type of (INFECTIOUS/NON-INFECTIOUS) vaccine.

Infectious

A recombinant organism vaccine - incapable of causing disease in their target - is a type of (INFECTIOUS/NON-INFECTIOUS) vaccine.

infectious

Marker vaccines - which permit discrimination between vaccinal and exposure immune responses - are a type of (INFECTIOUS/NON-INFECTIOUS) vaccine.

non-infectious

A subunit vaccine - containing immunological structural proteins or metabolites of an organism - is a type of (INFECTIOUS/NON-INFECTIOUS) vaccine.

non-infectious

A naked DNA vaccine - where a gene of interest from a pathogen is cloned to a plasmid and delivered directly into the recipient - is a type of (INFECTIOUS/NON-INFECTIOUS) vaccine.

non-infectious

An mRNA vaccine - where a mRNA strand of a gene of interest is made and delivered directly into a recipient - is a type of (INFECTIOUS/NON-INFECTIOUS) vaccine.

attenuated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines provide rapid onset of immunity

attenuated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines may immunize others in populations.

attenuated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines provide sustained immunity.

attenuated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines carry a risk of reversion to virulence.

attenuated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines may be virulent in the compromised.

attenuated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines are less stable in storage.

attenuated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines may cause immune suppression

inactivated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines are safer.

inactivated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines do not interfere with other vaccines.

inactivated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines are stable in storage.

inactivated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines require multiple boosters.

inactivated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines may carry adjuvant-adverse effects.

inactivated

(ATTENUATED/INACTIVATED) vaccines offer less protection.

subunit

Recombinant proteins, synthetic peptides, and purified proteins are used in non-infectious ___________ vaccines.

naked DNA

A pathogen gene of interest is cloned to a plasmid to transfect antigen presenting cells in a non-infectious _________ vaccine.

mRNA

An mRNA of a gene of interest is delivered directly to a recipient in a non-infectious _________ vaccine.

marker

The DIVA vaccine is an example of an infectious _________ vaccine.

recombinant organism

A carrier organism that does not cause disease delivered without an adjuvant without risk of reversion to virulence is an infectious __________ __________ vaccine.

vaccination

Artificial induction of immunity to protect from infectious disease.

passive

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations involve the administration of antibodies.

passive

Testanus antitoxin, antivenoms, and mAb to SARS-CoV-2 are (ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations.

passive

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations seek to sensitize the recipient for a hypersensitive reaction.

passive

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations offer immediate immunological protection.

passive

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations provide recognition of a particular antigen.

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations offer temporary protection.

passive

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations are typically offered in emergencies.

passive

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations inhibit the endogenous Ab response of the recipient.

active

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations involve the administration of antigens.

active

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations induce an immune response in the recipient.

active

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations provoke humoral/cell-mediated responses in the recipient.

active

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations produce an immunological memory.

4

There are (#) protection levels in active immunization.

active

(ACTIVE/PASSIVE) immunizations can provide strong protective immunity, infection without clinical signs, infections with reduced/mild form of disease, or no protection.

edema

Type I hypersensitivity is categorized by facial or periorbital _________ +/- pruritus.

feline injection site sarcoma

FISS stands for

adverse effects of vaccination

Type 1 hypersensitivity, FISS, and blood clots are examples of