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periodic wave
a sequence of wave pulses
mechanical wave
the type of wave which requires a medium through which to travel
surface wave
a wave type in which matter moves in a circular path
Doppler Effect
the stretching or compressing of a wave due to the relative motion between source and observer
standing wave
a combination of reflection and interference, this happens when a fundamental frequency creates stationary nodes and antinodes
sonic boom
this phenomena occurs at or near the speed of sound and is an example of constructive interference
the interaction of waves occupying the same space
interference
blue shift
a specific example of the doppler effect when light waves are compressed, indicating that an object is moving toward the observer
refraction
the bending of waves as they pass through different media
diffraction
the bending of waves around barriers/obstacles
transmission
When waves travel through (and out of) a medium
absorption
When the energy of a wave doesn't leave after interacting with a medium
polarization
Filtering of the orientation of light
color filter
Filtering of the frequency/wavelength of light
anaglyph
Old/obsolete 3D technology that utilizes color lenses to filter light (ex. Red-Cyan).
vector
a quantity with both magnitude and direction
impulse-momentum theorem
states: Ns = kgm/s
Ns
The SI unit for Impulse
Kgm/s
The SI unit for momentum
scalar
a quantity with only magnitude
momentum
"Inertia in Motion"
impulse
is calculated by the product of Force and Time
Kepler’s 2nd Law
states that for an orbiting body, the area swept out by the radius will be equal over any equal time interval around the orbit
centripetal force
the inward-pointing force that constrains an object to a circular path
tangential velocity
the velocity of an object that points tangent to the circle or arc in which the object is moving
centripetal acceleration
the inward-pointing acceleration that results from a centripetal force
centrifugal force
an imaginary force that is believed to point outward as an object moves in a circular path
Kepler’s 1st Law
states that all planets orbit in elliptical paths with the sun at one of the two foci
Kepler’s 3rd Law
an expression showing the relationship of 2 orbiting bodies by means of their orbit radius and period
energy
the ability to do work
power
the rate at which work is done
work
energy lost out of a system (converted to thermal energy)
work-energy theorem
states that work is equivalent to the change in mechanical energy
conservation of energy
states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted to another form
work
equal to the distance an object travels as a force is applied
J/s
a unit for Power
spring constant
described as the "Stiffness" of a spring (N/m)
kinetic energy
the energy of motion
potential energy
stored energy (chemical, gravitational, electrostatic)
Hooke’s Law
relationship of spring force and stretch/compression
2nd
Newton's __________ Law of motion (F=ma)
Weight
a downward-pulling force dependent on an objects mass
1st
Newton's __________ Law of motion (Inertia)
force
a push or pull
friction
this surface force always acts opposite the direction of motion
normal force
This surface force always acts perpendicular to the surface
accelerates
an object _________________ with a non zero net force
equilibrium
when the net force is zero, an object is in a state of
coefficient of friction
the ______________________ of friction changes based on the materials in contact
Net force
the sum of all forces
static friction
a force from a surface that resists motion of an object at rest
unbalanced
when the net force is not zero the forces are said to be ___________
terminal velocity
the maximum speed an object can reach due to air resistance
projectile
an object in motion such that the only force acting is the force due to gravity
acceleration due to gravity
caused by the force due to gravity (9.81m/s/s)
range
displacement measured in the horizontal direction
air resistance
a retarding force caused by the atmosphere
9.81m/s
value of acceleration in the y direction
0 m/s
value of the acceleration in the x direction
independent
motion in the x and y directions is
displacement
final minus initial position
free fall
type of motion during which an object only experiences the force of gravity
reference point
a location to which the motion of an object is compared
Note 
Flashcard (33)