Blood Group Systems and Antibodies

Flashcards covering various blood group systems, their antigens, antibodies, clinical significance, and associated diseases.

ABO System

A major blood group system with antigens A and B and antibodies Anti-A and Anti-B.

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn (HDFN)

A condition resulting from the incompatibility of the mother and fetus blood type, leading to hemolysis of the fetal red blood cells.

MNS System

A blood group system containing major antigens M, N, S, s, and antibodies Anti-M, Anti-N, Anti-S, Anti-s, Anti-U.

Clinical Significance of Anti-D Antibodies

Anti-D antibodies can lead to severe Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn (HDFN) and Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (HTRs).

Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria (PCH)

A condition associated with Anti-P antibodies that can cause acute intravascular hemolysis.

Rh System

A blood group system determined by the presence or absence of the D antigen, with Anti-D being clinically significant.

Lutheran Blood Group System

Contains major antigens Lu^a and Lu^b, with Anti-Lu^a usually being clinically insignificant and Anti-Lu^b being clinically significant.

Kell Blood Group System

A blood group system with major antigens K and k, where Anti-K is the most clinically significant antibody.

Duffy Blood Group

A blood group system where Fya and Fyb antigens are associated with resistance to Plasmodium vivax malaria.

Kidd Blood Group System

Consists of antigens Jk^a and Jk^b, with antibodies that can cause HDFN and HTRs.

Diego Blood Group System

Contains major antigens Di^a and Di^b, associated with HDFN and HTRs.

Lewis Antigens

Antigens Le^a and Le^b, typically clinically insignificant but associated with certain infections.

Uropathogenic E. coli

Bacteria that can cause UTIs and binds to P antigens on uroepithelial cells.

Antibody Type IgG

An antibody that is typically clinically significant and can react at body temperature.

Antibody Type IgM

An antibody that is usually not clinically significant and can be cold-reactive.