Final Exam medical terminology

Biliary tract

Made of hepatic and cystic duct

Bile duct

passageways that carry bile

an/o

anus

antr/o

antrum

cec/o

cecum

col/o, colon/o

colon

Duoden/o

duodenum

enter/o

small intestine

Esophag/o

esophagus

gastr/o

stomach

ile/o

ileum

jejun/o

jejunum

or/o, stomat/o

mouth

proct/o, rect/o

rectum

sigmoid/o

sigmoid colon

abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o

abdomen, abdominal cavity

append/o, appendic/o

appendix

cholangi/o

bile duct

chol/e

gall, bile

choledoch/o

common bile duct

Diverticul/o

diverticulum

gingiv/o

gums

gloss/o, lingu/o

tongue

hepat/o

liver

herni/o

hernia

palat/o

palate

pancreat/o

pancreas

Peritoneal/o

peritoneum

polyp/o

polyp, small growth

pylor/o

pylorus

sial/o

saliva

uvul/o

uvula

diverticulosis

Occurs when small bulging develop in your digestive tract

Adhesion

abnormal growing together of two peritoneal surfaces that normally are separated

celiac disease

disease caused by sensitivity to gluten

Crown disease

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)

abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus, causing heartburn and the gradual breakdown of the mucous barrier of the esophagus

intussusception

telescoping of a segment of the intestine

hemorrhiods

varicose veins in rectum

irritible bowel syndrome

Inflammation of the bowl causing things like diarrhea and or constipation usually associated with abdominal pain

peptic ulcer

open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum

polyp

growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane

ulcerative colitis

disease characterized by inflammation of the colon with the formation of ulcers, which can cause bloody diarrhea

blephar/o

eyelid

conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

conjunctivitis

pink eye

cor/o, core/o, pupill/o

pupil

corne/o, kerat/o

cornea

dacry/o, lacrim/o

tears or tear ducts

ir/o, irid/o

iris

ocul/o, ophthalm/o

eye

opt/o

vision

phac/o, phak/o

lens

retin/o

retina

scler/o

sclera

cry/o

cold

ton/o

tension, pressure

dipl/o

two, double

is/o

equal

Phot/o

light

Bin

2

-opia

vision

-phobia

fear, dislike, aversion to

-plegia

paralysis

aphakia

absence of the lens of the eye

blepharitis

inflammation of the eyelid

blepharoptosis

drooping eyelid

dacryocystitis

inflammation of the tear sac

diplopia

double vision

opthalmalgia

pain in the eye

opthalmoplegia

paralysis of the eye

photophobia

sensitivity to light

Retinoblastoma

tumor arising from a developing retinal cell

retinopathy

disease of the retina

amblyopia

reduced vision in one eye caused by disuse or misuse associated with strabismus, unequal refractive errors, or otherwise impaired vision. The brain suppresses images from the impaired eye to avoid double vision (also called lazy eye)

astigmatism

blurred vision caused by irregular curvature of the cornea or lens

cataract

clouding of the lens of the eye

hyperopia

farsightedness

Glaucoma

eye disorder characterized by increase of intraocular pressure

myopia

nearsightedness

nyctalopia

night blindness

nystagmus

Involuntary rapid eye movements

presbyopia

impaired vision as a result of aging

retinal detachment

two layers of the retina separate from each other

strabismus

condition where the eyes deviate when looking at the same object or cross eyed

Sty

infection of an oil gland of the eyelid

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

a condition in which the macula degenerates, gradually causing central vision loss

blepharoplasty

surgical repair of the eyelid

cryoretinopexy

surgical fixation of the retina by using extreme cold (carbon dioxide)

sclerotomy

incision into the sclera

iridotomy

incision into the iris

keratoplasty

surgical repair of the cornea

enucleation

surgical removal of the eyeball

LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis)

laser procedure that reshapes the corneal tissue

phacoemulsification

method to remove cataracts in which an ultrasonic needle probe breaks up the lens, which is then aspirated

photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)

procedure for the treatment of astigmatism, hyperopia, and myopia in which an excimer laser is used to reshape (flatten) the corneal surface by removing a portion of the cornea

opthalmoscope

instrument used to examine the interior of the eye

tonometry

the measurement of intraocular pressure

Binocular

pertaining to two or both eyes

intraocular

pertaining to within the eye