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Priya Fielding-Singh PHD
author
sociologist
75
Interviewed __ families
4
Spent months with __ families
San Francisco Bay Area
all families lived in the….
One of the most unequal places in the country
San Francisco Bay area is the…
Radical empathy
accept limits of understanding within research
Standard American Diet (SAD)
should contain plant based whole foods with fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy, legumes, nuts, and seafood but doesn’t have any of them
Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA)
Every 5 years the US Department of Agriculture has published the ________________
Fruits
half of plate should be…
Grains/starches
quarter of plate should be…
protein
quarter of plate should be…
low fat dairy
some of your plate should be…
Healthy Eating Index
0 (lowest quality diet)-100 (highest quality diet)
59
Average American earns a Healthy Eating Index score of…
3/4
____ of Americans eat low fruits, vegetables, dairies, oils and high added sugars, saturated fats, sodium
<1/10
____ of Americans eat enough vegetables
>1/2
___ of children eat a low quality diet
2/3
____ of adolescents eat a low quality diet
18
On average kids eat ___ tsp of sugar per day
1/7
Sugar is ____ of calories that children eat
56% to 46%
2002-2012: SAD diet fell from ____
3/4 to 1/2
1999-2016: kids with unhealthy diet went from _____
Middle/high income and white Americans
__________ see more improvement than low income, black, Mexican Americans
500,000
unhealthy eating causes _____ deaths per year
cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, cancer, type 2 diabetes
diseases caused by unhealthy eating
13
% of people with no high school diploma with type 2 diabetes
9.7
% of people with high school diploma with type 2 diabetes
7.5
% of people with more education than high school diploma with type 2 diabetes
12.5
% of hispanic people with type 2 diabetes
11.7
% of black people with type 2 diabetes
7.5
% of white people with type 2 diabetes
77
% higher chance of type 2 diabetes for black people
66
% higher chance of type 2 diabetes for hispanic people
Asian Americans, native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders
____ have highest rates and twice the risk as general population
diverging destinies
born into privilege will stay high income, born into low income will have higher rates of disease from pollutants and food and stay low income
Concentration disadvantage
prevents children from accessing opportunities to get ahead
1
Black families on average have ___ cent for every dollar white families have
Tracy
had her son Josh at 17 and had parental rights taken away
She was born into lower class and suffered from it
Josh was born 3 months premature and it caused him to have cerebral palsy
Moms
14 hours childcare and 18 hours housework
Dads
8 hours childcare and 10 hours housework
4/5
In ____ families mothers provide the food
Bakers
Black family below the federal poverty line that Priya followed for months
Nyah
Mom of the Baker family
Born in Georgia but moved to North Carolina to escape abuse, mother became a drug addict so she had to become the mother of her sisters
Sexual assault from her uncle got her pregnant (Latoya) and had to drop out of school
Sold her body to care for her baby, drug and alcohol addictions
5 million
how many americans in Section 8 housing
Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program
private landlords rent to low income families and federal vouchers cover some or all of the rent
3/4
____ of people who qualify for Section 8 assistance don’t get any
Darius
Nyah’s husband
Father of Mariah and Natasha
Died of stroke
1/3
___of single moms are raising their kids in poverty
5
__ times more single moms are raising their kids in poverty than married couples
Marcus
Nyah’s boyfriend
Didn’t support the family economically or emotionally
Health conditions
Worked as a cleaning lady but ____ caused her to stop working
Nyah’s diseases
Type 2 diabetic, hypertension, awaiting hysterectomy, slipped disk in her back, joint pain, depression, anxiety
Weathering
constant stress of racism (black women in particular) leads to premature biological aging and poor health
$300
Baker’s spent average ____ a month on food
Extra
When Nyah tried to eat healthy she ended up with ____ food stamps
Williamses
working class white family just above the federal poverty line
Dana
mom of Williamses
father was an alcoholic, ex husband drug addiction, had breast cancer, dropped out of high school with her boyfriend
Natasha and Mariah
Nyah’s children
Madison and Paige
Dana’s children
Justin
Madison’s dad who left after she was born
Debra
Dana’s mom who took care of Madison while Dana was in medical assistant school
Chris
Paige’s dad, became alcoholic and drug addict, verbal and psychological abuse
Refused drugs, tobacco, and most drinking
Dana did this to end cycle for her daughters
$360
Williamses spend average ____ each month on food
$60
____ of Williamses food budget goes to eating out
Ortegas
middle class Latinx family
Had a son named Gabriel that died of sudden infant death syndrome
Turned to God to recover
Renata
mom of ortega family
Her parents struggled to make ends meet but gave her dance recitals and everything she needed
Jose
dad of Ortega family
Amalia and Nico
Renata’s children
$450
Ortega’s spend average ____ each month on food
$200
_____ of Ortega’s budget goes to eating out
To avoid throwing out food
would go to the store 2 times a week to….
Cains
affluent white family
Julie
mom of cains
Zach
dad of cains
Jane and Evan
Julie’s children
$900
Cain’s spend average ____ on food each month
2-4
Cain’s went to the store ____ times per week
healthy living
Moms believe healthy diet leads to….
11 billion
In 2017, food companies spent ____ on tv ads
80%
____ of food ads were unhealthy
Marketing everywhere
Deals
Supermarket layout
Unhealthy foods even at non food stores
Things that draw families to pick unhealthy foods
Federal subsidies
for farms keep the unhealthy crop prices low (corn, soybeans, wheat, livestock)
Big Food
pays universities for studies to benefit their advertising
fast food, restaurants, or frozen food
All families at some point in the week got…
Wealthier families
pricier supermarkets, organic produce, more food rules and teaching moments, $12,340 on food per year, 9% of earnings
Lower income families
cheaper supermarkets, sometimes food banks, normal produce, non perishables, less food rules and teaching moments, $3,767 on food per year, 33% of earnings
Food desert
low income census tract where 1/3 lives more than a mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from a supermarket
Let’s Move!
Michelle Obama’s ___ Campaign raised awareness to stop childhood obesity
Healthy, hunger free kids act of 2010
step to improve school food
4.5 billion
____ dollars in federal funding for school meal programs
providing support to give lower income communities access to supermarkets in previous food deserts
Government largely focused on….
90%
____ of American households have a car
5.2
Average americans travel ___ miles to shop
10%
___ of socioeconomic diet disparities come from access
40 million
______ Americans participated each month in the federal government’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
2/3
___ of americans on SNAP are families with children
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
SNAP meaning
$1.40
SNAP gives average ____ per person per meal
Undocumented families
___________ could sometimes qualify for WIC but not SNAP