Nuclear Chemistry and Elements

Flashcards covering key concepts and terminology related to nuclear chemistry and elements.

Alpha particle

A type of nuclear radiation consisting of two protons and two neutrons, equivalent to a helium nucleus.

Beta particle

A high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted during radioactive decay of an atom.

Positron

The antimatter counterpart of an electron, with the same mass but a positive charge.

Gamma ray

A form of electromagnetic radiation of high frequency and energy, emitted by radioactive substances.

Half-life

The time required for half of the atoms in a sample of a radioactive substance to decay.

Cation

A positively charged ion formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Anion

A negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.

Radiation therapy

The treatment of disease, especially cancer, using ionizing radiation.

Electromagnetic radiation

A form of energy that travels through space at the speed of light, consisting of oscillating electric and magnetic fields.

Isotope

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.