self and identity exam 3

Race

Social group based on physical similarities

Ethnicity

Social group based on shared culture and beliefs

Racial identity

Self-concept importance of a social group based on physical similarities

Ethnic identity

Self-concept importance of a social group based on shared culture

Pre-encounter

Limited importance placed on own race and acceptance of white culture

Encounter

Attempt to deal with the reality of being part of a discriminated racial group

Immersion

Rejection of white culture for own racial group's history and culture

Internalization

Sense of security in racial identity allowing interracial friendships

Double consciousness

Cognitive dissonance of societal views on race

Accentuation effect

Viewing differences between categories more than within

Minimal group paradigm

Creating groups based on arbitrary criteria

Intergroup bias

Positive evaluation of ingroup over outgroup

Ingroup favoritism

Positive evaluation of one's own group

Outgroup derogation

Negative evaluation of outgroup

Individual mobility

Moving from devalued to valued groups

Social creativity

Redefining intergroup comparisons to avoid threats

Social competition

Collective action to change social systems

Code switching

Changing behaviors related to ethnicity in devaluing contexts

Communal

Concerned with others, feminine

Agentic

Assertive, in control, masculine

Gender belief system

Ideas on how men and women should behave

Gender polarization

Differentiating feminine and masculine traits

Gender social identity

Importance of chosen gender group

Gender constancy

Understanding biological sex as fixed

Gender schema

Self-concept in terms of gender expectations

Passive acceptance

Endorsing status quo and denying sexism

Revelation

Awareness of sexism and its effects on women

Embeddedness-emanation

Immersion and emergence from women's issues

Synthesis

Fully achieved feminist identity

Person-group discrepancy

Low status member seeing group discrimination but not recognizing themselves as being discriminated against

Attributional complexity

Preferring complex explanations for social behavior

Meritocracy

Rewarding based on skills

Social power

Meeting or blocking needs

Social dominance orientation

Preferring power differences between groups

Principled conservatism

Rejecting social justice policies

Race

social group based on physical similarities

race

______ is a social group based on physical similarities.

Ethnicity

social group based on shared culture and beliefs

ethnicity

______ is a social group based on shared culture and beliefs.

Racial identity

self-concept importance of a social group that is based on physical similarities

racial identity

______ is the self-concept importance of a social group that is based on physical similarities.

Ethnic identity

self-concept importance of a social group based on shared culture

ethnic identity

______ is the self-concept importance of a social group based on shared culture.

Pre-encounter

limited importance placed on own race and acceptance of white culture

pre-encounter

In the ______ stage, limited importance is placed on own race and acceptance of white culture.

Encounter

attempt to deal with the reality of being a part of a racial group that experiences discrimination

encounter

In the ______ stage, there is an attempt to deal with the reality of being a part of a racial group that experiences discrimination.

Immersion

rejection of white culture and involvement in the history and culture of own racial group

immersion

______ involves rejection of white culture and involvement in the history and culture of own racial group.

Internalization

sense of security in one’s racial identity that allows for interracial friendships

internalization

______ is a sense of security in one’s racial identity that allows for interracial friendships.

Double consciousness

the cognitive dissonance experienced when acknowledging society’s negative view of Black Americans while having a positive view of being Black

double consciousness

______ is the cognitive dissonance experienced when acknowledging society’s negative view of Black Americans while having a positive view of being Black.

Accentuation effect

viewing objects in different categories having a larger difference than objects within a category having a smaller difference

accentuation effect

The ______ is viewing objects in different categories having a larger difference than objects within a category having a smaller difference.

Socialization

 influence on self development from exposure to broader institutions and practices within a large body of people

Self-construal

 how people perceive their self in relation to others based on cultural norms

Independent self-construal

 perception of one’s self as separate and unique from others

Interdependent self-construal

perception of one’s self as connected with others and embedded in a network of social relations

Cushion hypothesis

 members of an interdependent culture are more likely to receive help when needed

Acculturation

process of learning and adapting to a new culture

Sojourner

person who is temporarily living out of their culture of origin

Acculturative stress

uncertainty from navigating away from culture of origin to a new culture

Assimilation

forcing new member of culture to abandon their enculturation and accept new culture

Accommodation

 embracing a member of a new culture

Mainstream minority model

culture has a dominant society and one or more minority groups on the side

Multicultural model

 culture as a combination of various ethnic/culture groups

Remooring

anchoring an identity to new social supports when environment changes

Sanchez et al. 2009

people with Asian/white reported greater malleable racial identification, malleable racial identification was associated with higher depressive symptoms,  hypotheses, malleable racial identification no longer predicted depressive symptoms when path between multiracial regard and psychological health was included, centrality was correlated with malleable racial identification but was not a predictor of psychological health or unstable regard, having stable racial self-concept is important for multiracial mental well being, Asian multiracial will have the greatest fluidity but have tolerance for ambiguity that it will not cause negative outcomes

Boisnier 2003

Black women will align more with womanist identity and white women will align more with feminist identity, race partially determines nature of relationships between identity development and self-esteem

Craig & Richeson 2014

consistent with hypothesis and those living closest to the shift were three times more likely to lean conservative, but because they were split new study needed to be done,  those primed with racial shift would endorse the right more than control and this would be mediated by perceived group threat,  participants in status threat identified more with the right

Weise et al. 2008

 attachment security predicted self-report political orientation in mortality salience condition but not in control,  being in a secure relationship would not increase your support for the military when death is brought up