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28 Terms

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Journalism
A public service that is relevant, current, impactful, truthful, and investigative, enabling people to make informed decisions.
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Technological determinism
The belief that changes in technology change society alone, contrasting with the idea that journalism is influenced by community and culture.
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Surveillance
A journalistic function that ensures accountability and serves as a check against those in power.
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Cultural transmission
The process of conveying cultural ideals through various forms of media.
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News desert
A community with no access to local news or information.
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Sensationalism
A style of reporting that emphasizes shocking or exciting information at the expense of accuracy.
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Framing the news
Deciding how a news story will be presented, including the angle and emphasis.
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Ethical journalism
The practice of journalism that adheres to principles of truth, accuracy, fairness, and accountability.
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Society of Professional Journalists’ Code of Ethics
Guidelines that mandate journalists to seek truth, minimize harm, act independently, and be accountable.
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Lippmanian solution
The concept that elite journalism is produced by and for elites, potentially disconnecting it from the general public.
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First Amendment
The part of the U.S. Constitution that protects freedoms concerning religion, expression, assembly, and the right to petition.
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Negative liberties
Rights that protect individuals from government intervention, especially in free speech.
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Positive liberties
Rights that promote a healthy speech environment and ensure diverse voices are heard.
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Prior restraint
A government's prohibition on speech or publication before it occurs.
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Libel
Defamation that is published, requiring public figures to prove actual malice.
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Symbolic speech
Actions that express ideas or opinions, such as kneeling during the national anthem.
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Bradenburg Standard
A legal standard that protects speech that incites violence only if it is aimed at inciting imminent lawless action.
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Public interest journalism
Journalism that prioritizes community needs and serves the public good rather than solely chasing profits.
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Objectivity
The journalistic ideal of presenting news in a fair, impartial, and balanced way.
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Misinformation
False or misleading information spread regardless of intent to deceive.
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Audience engagement
The process of actively involving the audience in the journalism process, encouraging feedback and participation.
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Cultural diversity in journalism
The representation of various cultural perspectives in media, exemplified by historic publications like the Cherokee Phoenix.
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Ethics of care
A framework that emphasizes compassion and empathy in reporting, particularly towards vulnerable populations.
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Funding challenges in journalism
Issues faced by news organizations related to financial sustainability, audience engagement, and diverse outreach.
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Collaborative journalism
A modern approach to journalism that emphasizes partnerships and collaboration with various stakeholders, including the community.
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AI in journalism
The use of artificial intelligence to assist in journalistic tasks, presenting both opportunities for efficiency and ethical challenges.
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The Pulitzer/Hearst battles
Historical competition highlighting sensationalism driven by the business model of the penny press.
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Ethical principles in journalism
Core values that guide the responsibilities and practices of journalists, ensuring their work serves the public interest.