AP Gov Speed Review | Everything You NEED in 14 Minutes

What are the fundamental natural rights mentioned in the Declaration of Independence?

Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

Who created the theories of Natural Rights and the Social Contract?

John Locke.

What is popular sovereignty?

The concept that the federal government has limited powers granted by the Constitution.

What did the Great Compromise establish?

A bicameral legislature with the Senate having equal representation and the House of Representatives based on population.

What is the major difference between federalists and anti-federalists?

Federalists supported the Constitution and a strong central government, while Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution and favored states' rights.

What was the outcome of Shays’ Rebellion?

It shifted public opinion towards supporting a stronger central government and a new constitution.

What is the 3/5 Compromise?

It stated that enslaved persons would count as 3/5 of a person for congressional apportionment.

What powers are reserved to the states?

Reserved powers, which are not given to the federal government.

What case established the principle of judicial review?

Marbury v Madison.

What is the process for amending the Constitution, as stated in Article V?

2/3 of both houses of Congress must propose, and 3/4 of the states must ratify.

What is the Exclusionary Rule?

Illegally obtained evidence may not be used in a trial.

What does the Necessary and Proper clause allow Congress to do?

Make laws that are necessary and proper for executing their enumerated powers.

What was the significance of Roe v Wade?

It established the right to an abortion based on the right to privacy.

What is the difference between a trustee and a delegate in congressional representation?

A trustee votes with their conscience, while a delegate votes how constituents want, even if they disagree.

What is the role of interest groups in politics?

They influence policy for specific purposes by lobbying and mobilizing voters.

What are civil liberties?

Individual personal freedoms protected from government interference.

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 accomplish?

Banned discrimination based on race, color, sex, religion, or origin.

What is gerrymandering?

Drawing electoral district boundaries to benefit a particular party.

What is the main purpose of political parties?

To gain power and win elections.

What are categorical grants?

Federal money given to states for specific purposes.

How does the Electoral College work?

It officially elects the president; a candidate must win 270 electoral votes to be elected.