APUSH Period 7 Part 5 IDs

Executive Order 9066

Delegates areas in the west to be zones for Japanese Internment Camps for anyone of Japanese descent to be deported there

*Korematsu v. U.S.*

A Supreme Court case that upholds Executive Order 9066 because of a “pressing public necessity”

Issei and Nisei

Types of Japanese people that were interned, where Issei were foreign-born and Nisei were native born

War Resources Board, Office of Production, War Production Board, Office of War Mobilization

Offices that regulated production priorities during wartime, coordinating army purchases, and reinforces mobilization

Rosie the Riveter

Propaganda depicting Rosie that encouraged women to take up factory jobs while men are at war

Black Panthers

A famous entirely African-American D-Day unit

Tuskegee Airmen

The first black pilots that served in WWII that proved their abilities and provided lots of coverage in planes

Redball Express

An assortment of military truckers in Europe who were largely African-American who provided supplies to troops across Europe

“Double-V”

African Americans were determined to be involved by a “double-v campaign”, involving a victory over fascism abroad and a victory over racism at home

Executive Order 8802

Prohibits racial discrimination in businesses with government contracts

Braceros

Mexican farm workers that the U.S. signed an agreement with Mexico to take and employ for the war effort

U.S. Strategy in Europe

Focused on defeating Hitler first by focusing all American resources there and focusing on Asia later, led by Eisenhower

U.S. Strategy in Pacific

Simultaneously using island hopping to conquer islands to use as bases to attack japan and using submarine warfare to attack Japanese shipments, led by Douglas MacArthur

Axis Strategy in Europe

Invade the USSR in 1941 to take over their oil fields, get Britain to surrender by repeated bombings, and achieve both of these goals before U.S. gets involved

Axis Strategy in Pacific

Invading as many islands as possible including the Philippines, Australia, and Indonesia, hoping that we accept their dominance once they took over so many islands

Battle of El Alamein

A battle in Egypt where Hitler wants the Suez Canal, oil, and the opening of another front, but they gain nothing as the Allies win

Battle of Stalingrad

A massively brutal battle in the USSR where winter obliterates both Soviet and Nazi troops and the Allied Powers are able to stop Nazi invasion and control of USSR oil fields

Operation Overlord/D-Day/Invasion of Normandy

Our amphibious invasion of Normandy in France, Allied success resulting in the reclaiming of France

Battle of Bulge

Germany’s last offensive in WWII as a bulge of troops in Belgium

Battle of Midway

A battle fought on Midway island between Japanese and U.S. forces where we pull off a win because American intelligence crack Japanese code, marking our first U.S. victory

Iwo Jima/Okinawa

Island fights close to Japan that involves fierce fighting and kamikaze warfare, many casualties ensue but the U.S. wins

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

The cities where two atomic bombs were dropped with the goal of forcing Japan to surrender upon Truman’s command, targeted because of their industrialization

Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps

An all female unit of the military branches designated for women to serve as commissioned or enlisted members

Fair Employment Practices Committee

An organization created by the Fair Employment Practice in Defense Industries Act which monitored defense industry hiring practices

“Code Talkers”

Members of the Navajo tribe worked as transmitters to transmit sensitive U.S. military intelligence messages

War Relocation Authority

An organization that moved Japanese from their homes to Japanese internment camps

442nd Regimental Combat Team

A military unit made up of Nisei that served in active duty while many of their families where in internment camps

V-E Day

May 7, 1945, ends WWII on the European Front

V-J Day

September 2, 1945, ends WWII with the surrender of Japan

Manhattan Project

A secret American project that was dedicated to developing the Atomic Bomb, headed by Robert J. Oppenheimer

Robert J. Oppenheimer

The head of the Manhattan Project that created the atomic bomb