Studied by 4 people
Ellis Island
a location for immigration station for inspection and processing
Angel Island
an island made for isolation; enforces new immigration laws and deals with the threat of disease from new people
Melting Pot
a mixture of people of different cultures and races who blended together by abandoning their native language and customs
Nativism
overt favoritism toward native-born Americans
Chinese exclusion act
banned all entry to all Chinese except students, teacher, merchants, tourists, and gov. officials
Gentlemen's agreement
1907-1908, Japan's gov. agreed to limit emigration of unskilled workers to the United States in exchange for the repeal of the San Francisco segregation order
urbanization
the process by which large numbers of people become permanently concentrated in relatively small areas, forming cities
Americanization Movement
activities that were designed to prepare foreign-born residents of the United States for full participation in citizenship
tenements
narrow, low-rise apartment buildings; very dirty, lacked plumbing and ventilation
Social Stratification
a society's categorization of its people into rankings based on factors like wealth, income, education, family background and power
Mass Transit
the movement of people within urban areas using group travel technologies such as buses and trains
Social Gospel Movement
a religious movement that arose in the second half of the nineteenth century which had the aim of combating injustice, suffering and poverty in society
Settlement houses
organizations that provided support services to the urban poor and European immigrants
Jane Addams
a peace and a leader of the settlement house movement in America
Social Mobility
the movement in time of individuals, families, or other social units between positions that help give the ability and opportunity to advance within a society
Political Machine
a party organization headed by a single boss of small group that commands enough votes to maintain political and administrative of a city, county, or state
Graft
the act of taking advantage of your political position or government by taking money or property in dishonest or fraudulent ways
Boss Tweed
American politician that systematically plundered New York City with sums estimated between $30 million and $200 million
Patronage
the appointment or hiring or a person to a government post on the basis of partisan loyalty
Civil service
individuals other than military people who are employed by federal, state, or local government entities.
Rutherford B Hayes
19th president; oversaw the end of Reconstruction, began the efforts that led to civil service reform, and attempted to reconcile the divisions left over from the Civil war
James A. Garfield
20th president; advocated for agricultural technology, an educated electorate, and civil rights for African Americans; proposed civil reforms which were passed by congress in 1883 as Pendleton Cicil Service Reform Act.
Chester A Arthur
21st president; urges Congress to pass civil rights law
Pendleton Civil Service Act
provided that federal government jobs be awarded on the basis of merit and that government employees be selected through competitive exams
Grover Cleveland
22nd and 24th president; centered on corruption, civil service reforms and scandals
Benjamin Harrison
23rd president; supported higher tariffs and wins passage of McKinley Tariff Act
Louis Sullivan
architect that designed the 10 story Wainwright Building in St. Louis
Daniel Burnham
designed an unusual building (skyscraper) for NYC, it is 285 ft and built in 1902
Frederick Law Olmsted
landscape architect led the movement for planned urban parks
Orville and Wilbur Wright
bicycle manufactures built engines powerful enough to keep "heavier than air" craft aloft
George Eastman
developed a series of more convenient alternatives to the heavy glass plates previously used
Aschan School
school of American Art led by Eakins's student, Robert Henri
Pragmatism
school of philosophical thought developed in U.S in 1870s by Charles Pierce and William James. Main goal: help reconcile tensions between science and morality and religions
Mark Twain
novelist and humorist (real name: Samuel Longhorne Clemens) that inspired a host of other young authors when he declared his independence of "literature and all that bosh"
Joseph Pulitzer
Hungarian immigrant; bought New York World in 1883; popular inventions such as Sunday edition, comics, sports and women's news
William Randolph Hearst
purchased the New York Morning Journal in 1895 and already owned the Sand Francisco Examiner
Rural Free Delivery (RFD)
system that bought packages directly to every home
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Flashcard (65)