06B. Cultural Dominance and Indian Renaissance

Which Act gave first legal entry to Christian Missionaries

Charter Act, 1813

What is Serampore Trio

1. Which college

2. Newspaper and magazine significance

1. 3 English Missionaries - William carey, Joshua Marshman, William ward - they settled in Danish territoreis because British restrictions

2. Serampore College

3. First vernacular Newspaper - Samachar Darpan and first Vernacular Magazine - Digdarshan

Lets see Journalism

1. What is India's First Newspaper

2. What did it do

3. Language

4. India's First Vernacular Newspaper

5. India's First English Newspaper by Indian

6. India's First Vernacular Newspaper by Indian

1. Hickey's Bengal Gazette

2. Anti-company stance (warren hastings corruptions were exposed)

3. English

4. Samachar Darpan by Serampore Trio (1818)

5. Bengal Gazeti by Gangadhar Bhattacharya (mid-1818)

6. Samband kaumudi by Raja Rammohan Roy (1821)

Wellesley's Censorship act

1. When

2. Why

3. Features

1. 1799 during 4th mysore war and subsidiary alliance

2. Wartime control due to both Mysore and Napoleon

3. Pre-censorship-Proof copies must be submitted before printing and mandatory identity

Who removed Wellesley Censorship act and when

Lord Hastings removed it in 1818 during the time of serampore trio releasing paper because french problem was over

John Adams Regularions, 1823

1. Why

2. What

1. British were alarmed by the Raj Ram mohan Roy's Persian Journal Mirat-ul-Akbar

2. Need formal licensing to start a press, Viceroy can revoke license anytime, strict penalties

Metcalfe Press Act

1. When

2. What did he do

1. 1835

2. Removed pre-censorship, Liberator of Indian press, this led to his removal as acting viceroy

Vernacular Press Act, 1878 (gagging Act)

1. Who

2. Targeted what

3. Who abolished it

4. features

5. Why in 1878?

1. Lord Lytton

2. targeted only Vernacular Press, not English

3. Ripon (1882)

4. Bond system - the DM can call any published and create a bond saying nothing critical can be published

- Security deposit

- No appeal

5. Due to criticism of delhi durbar, famine in deccan

Papers and Writers

1. Bengalee - Language

1. Surendranath Banerjee - English (in 1879)

Newspaper (incitement of offences) Act (1908)

1. Why

2. who was viceroy

3. Repealed when and based on which committee

1. Due to rise in Extremists and swadeshi and also key papers like

jugantar - Barindra Kumar ghosh

Kesari - Tilak

they sometimes supported violence actions so the british did that

2. Lord Minto 2 (1905-1910)

3. in 1922 under lord reading based on tej bahadur sapru

Lets see Socio-Religious Movement

1. Reformist movements

2. Revivalist movements

1. Brahmo Samaj,Prarthana Samaj, Aligarh movement

2. Arya Samaj, Deoband movement, Wahabi movement

rajaram mohan roy support monetheism based on Upanishads right? What does upanishds say exactly and why is he a monotheist?

1. Upanishads did not exactly say monotheism but it supported non-dualism i.e Brahman concept , he interpreted that as Monotheism but why ?

2. Because even before he read Upanishads he was sent to Patna to study Arabic and Persian where he came across Islamic monotheism, he even rejected Christianity's trinity (98% of christians), he later used upanishads as a tool for social reforms (brahminical domination and their rituals)

RRMR's brahmo samaj

1. When and Where

2. Established

3. Who gave title Raja to him

4. Colleges founded by Raja

5. Newspaper by RRMR

6. journal by RRMR

7. Texts (also translations)

1. 1828, Calcutta

2. Atmiya Sabha(society of friends, 1814)-> Brahmo Sabha (1828) ->Brahmo Samaj

3. Akbar Shah 2 (2nd last ruler of Mughal)

4. Hindu College - 1817 (with David hare) (YBM started here) - for western education in bengal

- Vedanta college - 1825 - fo rblend of traditional and western science

5. Sambad kaumudi - Bengali

6. Mirat-ul-Akhbar - Persian

7. - Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhiddin (A gift to monotheists)

- Translated Upanishads in Bengali

- Percepts of Jesus (analysis of moral teachings of Jesus)

Brahmo Samaj Phase 1

1. When

2. Features

- Followed what

- idol

- Mono/polytheism

- Karma, migration of Soul

- Sati

1. 1828

2. - Monotheism

- Advaita Vedanta (related to Monotheism)

- Follwed Vedas and Upanishads

- Denied the infalliability of Vedas

- No idol worship

- No definite stand on karma and migration of Soul

- Sati Abolition Regulation, 1829

Opposition to Brahmo Samaj

0. Name

1. By whom

2. Focus and formed when

3. Donated land for which college by leader

0. Dharma Sabha

1. Raja Radhakant Deb

2. 1830 - against abolition of Sati

3. Sanskrit college at calcutta (not sanskrit college at benaras by Jonathan Duncan) - only Brahmins were allowed initially - later Ishwar Chandra vidyasagar allowed it for non Brahmins

Brahmo Samaj Phase 2

1. Leader

2. His old groups

3. Other famous people who joined

4. Who Spread Brahmo Samaj outside Bengal

5. First Split When and Why

6. Keshab Chandra Sen and Act on age of marriage

7. 2nd split and who lead the new split

1. Debendranath Tagore (in 1842)

2. Tattvabodhini Sabha(merged to Brahmo Samaj), operated tattvabodhini Patrika

3. Ashwini Kumar Datta, Ishwar Chandra VidyaSagar, Derozians, Keshab Chandra Sen

4. Keshab Chandra Sen (Tagore didn't want to spread to other parts while Sen want to)

5. Adi Brahmo Samaj( Tagore's) and Brahmo Samaj of India (Sen's) -1866

6. native marriage Act, 1872

7. When Sen married his under age daughter-split- Sadhran brahmo Samaj by Ananda Mohan Bose (also founded Indian Association with Surendraanth banerjee)

Anand Mohan Bose

1. Involved in which groups/activtiies

1. Indian Association

- Sadharan Brahmo samaj

- INC (moderate)

- Swadeshi movement

Reasons for split of Brahmo samaj

Kesahab Chandra sen is

- universalist, he also want to include teachings of other religions in meetings but old school tagore felt that it diluted the goal of hinduism

- he wanted radical changes of widow remarriage although tagore wanted the change he wanted it slowly so that no one is alienated

- he wanted to cut upavita (thread on body) , tagore being brahmin himself felt that it was unnecessary

Prarthana Samaj

1. Where

2. When and Who

3. Imp persons joined

4. Precursor and its founder

5. Ideas

1. Bombay

2. 1863-67:

- Atmaram pandurang - Keshub Chandra Sen when trying to expand to whole India, he met Atmaram and he founded with Sen help

3. M.G Ranade

4. Paramhansa Sabha (1849)(secret society) by Dadoba Pandurang and Mehtaji durgaram

5. Monotheism and same as Brahmo but they focus on bhakti movemnet ideas of tukaram and namdev unilke upanishads and vedas of brahmo samaj

M.G Ranade

1. Organisations

2. Books

1. Poona Sarvajanik Sabha (1870)

- Prarthana Samaj

- co-founder of Widow ReMarriage Association(1861)

- founded Indian Social Confeence (social wing of INC)

2. Essays on Indian Economics

- he is considered father of Indian Economics

- he is guru of Gopalkrishna Gokhale

Young Bengal Movement

1. Founder

2. When

3. Called as what

4. Association

5. Removal

1. Henry Vivian Derozio

2. 1820s

3. First Nationalist Poet of Modern india

4. Academic Association - Questioning tradition, Debating Society

Society for acquisition of knowledge (SAGK)

5. Removed from Hindu college in 1831 due to his radical thoughts

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

1. Women's rights, which act along with whom

2. Secretary of which school

3. Education reform

- worked in which college

- wrote Bengali alphabets called

- Principle of which college

4. Who gave title Vidyasagar

1. Widow's remarriage Act, 1856 with Rani Rashmoni

2. Secretary of Bethune School of girls and important member in its foundation (first girls school)

3. - Fort William as head pandit of sanskrit

- Borno Porichoy

- Calcutta Sanskrit College

4. Sanskrit college

Arya Samaj, 1875

1. Where

2. Who

3. Key texts

4. which movement

- Mono/Poly

- Idol worship

- Untouchability

- Varna system

- Iner caste marriage

5. Which schools

1. Bombay - later spread to Lahore (lala lajpat rai)

2. Swami Dayanand Saraswati (moolshankar) - first leader to use word swaraj

3. Saathyarth Prakash, Ved Bhasya, Ved Bhashya Bhoomika

4. Shuddhi Movement

- Mono

- Anti

- Anti

- Accepted

- Accepted

5. Vedic schools(Gurukulas) - indigenous education

- DAV (Dayanand Anglo Vedic schools) college - English and Sanskrit - Supported by lala Lajpat Rai

Theosophical Society, 1875

1. Founders and founded where

2. Imp President

3. revivalist/ Reformist

4. beliefs

5. Annie Besant found which college

1. H.P Balavatsky and Henry Stell Olcott in USA and shifted to India in 1882

2. Annie Besant came to India in 1880s and joined in 1889

3. Revivalist

4. Vedas, reincarnation, Karma

5. central hindu College, Banaras (along with Madan Mohan Malaviya)

Annie Besant

1. Organisations

2. colleges

3. papers

4. imp facts

1. Theosophical society

- Home rule League

- founded Women's India Association for women's rights

2. central hindu college which later became benaras university

3. New India and Commonweal

4. First women president of INC

Ramakrishna Mission, 1897, Calcutta

1. Founded by whom

2. About whom

3. Idol worship?

4. Philospohy

1. Swami Vivekananda

2. Ramakrishna Paramhansa

3. Yes (all other rejected)

4. Vedanta, against Brahminical Superiority

Who established these

1. Dev Samaj

2. Bharat Dharma Mahamandal

3. Radhaswami Movement

1. Shiv narayan Agnihotri

2. Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya - revivalist

3. radhaswami Movement - Shiv Dyal Sahib/ Tulsi Ram - yoga + spiritual

Madan Moham Malviya

1. Organisations

2. Newspapers

3. Key points

1. - Bharat Dharma Mahamandal

- Banaras Hindu universit (BHU)

- Hindu Mahasabha

2. -Abhyudaya

- The Leader

3. Moderate-extremist middlepath

- 2nd RTC along with Gandhi

- key role in Poona pact

Lets see Women Specific movements

Child Marriage

1,2,3,4 Acts

4. Movements against Child Marriage

1. Native Marriage Act, 1872

- Keshab Chandra Sen

- Intercaste, Minimum age of 14 for girls

- Not applicable to Hindu,Muslim, Christian, Jew ( so tribals)

2. Age of Consent Act, 1891 (imp)

- Rakhma Bhai (girl, Doctor); BM Malabari - reformer

- Made 12 as age of consent for all girls

3. Sarda Act, 1930 (Child Marriage Restraint Act)

- Min age 14,18 for all

4. - Seva Sadan by BM Malaabri in Bombay, in pune it was ramabai ranade

- Pledge Movement by Indian national social conference

- provides home for distressed women

Widow Remarriage

1. Who found Widow Remarriage Association and who was secretary

2. Satya Prakash Newspaper by whom in 1852

3. Hindu Widow Remarriage Act, 1856

4. Widow Remarriage Movement in Bombay (1860s)

5. Poona Sarvajanik Sabha founded by Whom

6. Mukti Mission for education for widows by whom

7. First women's University by whom and what

1. 1850, Vishnu Shastri Pandit, D.K Karve

2. Karsandas Mulji

3. Ishwar Chandra VisyaSagar

4. M.G Ranade

5. M.G Ranade

6. pandit Rambai

7. D.K Karve; Shrimathi Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women University, Mumbai

Savitribhai Phule (1831-1897)

1. Established what in 1848 in Pune

2. NA

3. Co founded what in 1873

4. female infanticide house (against)

5. literary

1. bhide wada schoool - First girls school - but it was more like a revolutionary act rather than organised work like Bethune school

2. NA

3. SatyaShodhak Samaj

4. Opened balhatya prathibandhak griha

5. Kavya Phule

- Bavan Kashi Subodh Ratnakar

Note on 1st girls school - Mary Anne cook established church missionary schools in 1821 but they were more like missionary purpose not for educational purpose

Sister Nivedita (1867-1911)

1. Disciple of whom

2. Founded what Vidyalay

3. Which Missions

4. helped women in which area coalmines

1. Vivekananda

2. Banga Mahila Vidyalaya

3. Foochow Mission

4. Eastern Indian Coal mines

1. Furst women to be awarded the title Pandit

1. Who (1858-1922)

2. Which college gave it

3. INC and she

4. Founded what for women's edu and remarriage, 1882

5. Established what in Mumbai as residential school for windows, 1889

6. Key for Which First female Medical college

7. Which mission for women

1. Pandita Ramabai Saraswati

2. University of calcutta

3. One of the 10 delegates of INC 1889

4. Arya Mahila Samaj in pune and

5. Sharada Sadan

6. Lady Dufferin College in Calcutta,1885 - it is not a full-fledged hospital by then , it just trained few midwives and basic firstaid etc, later in 1916 it became ful-fledged female medical college by name Lady hardinge Medical college

7. Mukti mission

1. Who founded Bharat mahila Parishad in 1904

2. Also found what in 1908

1. Ramabai ranade

2. Seva Sadan in Pune (in Bombay it was by BM Malabari)

Who founded Bharat Stree Mahamandal in 1910

Sarla Devi Chaudhurani

- First pan India women's association

- niece of Rabindranath tagore

- gandhi called her hi spiritual wife

Who founded All India Women's Conference in 1927

2. Key figure

3. Women's association in order

1. Margaret Cousins

2. Sarojini Naidu

3. Arya Mahila Samaj -> Bharat Mahila Mandali -> Bharat Stree Maha mandali -> Indian Women Association(annie besant),1919 -> All India Women's Conference (margaret cousins),1927 - sarda act

Some Important Reformers in maharashtra

1. Who established first Marathi paper and its name

2. His other science magazine

3. His society for education and intellectual conversaions

4. Gopalhari Deshmukh's Penname

5. His weekly

6. Gopal Ganesh Agarkar

- co-founded which school

- founded which educational society

- principal which college

- publication against caste

7. Gopalkrishna gokhale

- which society

- Newspaper

8. Who established ALl India Trade Union Congress

- also which league

1. Balshastri Jambhekar, darpan

2. DigDarshan

3. native Improvement soceity

4.Lokahitawadi

5. Prabhakar, hitechhu

6. - New English school

- Deccan Educational Society

- Fergusson College

- Sudharak

7. - Servants of India Society

- Hitavada

8. Narayan Malhar Joshi

- Social Service League

Wahabi Movement 1840s-1860s

1. Where and what

2. Why

3. Who

1. Punjab and Revivalist movement

2. Anti sikh inititally then Anti British after British captured Punjab

3. Syed Ahmad Barlevi

Aligarh Movement(1875) - Vey imp - reformist

1. Background

- Who started Aligarh Uni

- His Book

- Magazine on Science

- Magazine on Social reforms

- Newspaper

2. When was college established

1. - Sir Syed Ahmed Khan

- Asbab-e-Baghawat-e-Hind (book on 1857 revolt)

- Scientific Society Magazine

- Tahdib-ul-Akhlaq

- The Muhammadans of India

2. - Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875 , later renamed to Aligarh Uni

Deoband Movement (1866)

1. Revival or Reform

2. Who

1. Revival

2. Mohammad Qasim Nanotavi and Rashid Ahmad Gangohi

Singh Sabha Movement (1873), Amritsar

1. Revival or Reformist

2. Who

3. Why

1. Reform

2. led to organisation Chief Khalsa Diwan(1902) significantly strengthening

3. Reform sikh society like casteism sikh identity

Parsi Reform Movement

1. Founders

2. Why, 1851

1. Dadabhai naoroji, naoroji Furdonji

2. Modernize Parsi (reformoist)

Mahatma Jyotiba Phule (1827-90)

1. Background

- Imp org

- Who gave title Mahatma

2. Play exposing exploitation by elites, 1855

3. famous work on caste system, 1873

4. work on exploitation on pesants,1881

5. Book realease after his death

6. Book on Brahmanical exploitation

7. Ballad on Shivaji Maharaj

8. Collection on critique of society

9. Universal truth seeking book

1. - Mali Caste, Anti-Brahmanism

- Satyashodhak Samaj

- Social worker Vithalrao krishnaji Vandekar

2. Tritya Ratna

3. Gulamgiri

4. Shetkarayacha Aasud (cultivators's Whipcord)

5. Sarvajanik Satya Dharma Pustak

6. Brahmanahe Kasab

7. Powada

8. Ishara

9. Satsar

Justice movement/Non-Brahmin movement, 1916

1. Where

2. Who

3.Another name for Justice party

1. T.N

2. C.N Mudaliar, T.M Nair, P.Thyagaraya (MTN)

3. South India Liberal Federation

SNDP movement, 1888

1. Who

2. Where

3. Motto

4. Which Movement

1. Sree Narayan Guru

2. Kerala

3. One Caste, One Religion, One God for Man

4. Aravipuram Movement - made a stone to Lord Shive idol and temple

Vaikom Satyagraha - ver yimp (100 years) - fill after satyagraha

1. Where

2. What

3. result

1. Travancore

2. To allow untouchables to roads(around temples)

3. Gvt agreed to open 3 out of 4 roads around temple to everyone

guruvaiyar Satyagraha - fill after satyagraha

1. what it it about

2. Where

3. result

1. Continuation of vaikom satyagraha

2. Temple entry

3. Temple entry proclamation of 1936

Self-Respect movement, 1925

1. Where

2. Who

3. Why

4. magazine of him

1. T.N

2. E.V Ramasamy periyar

3. Caste opression

4. Kudi Arasu