MICROBIO - BOTULISM TO RABIES

snare protein

The name of the protein that is affected in botulism.

acetylcholine

The neurotransmitter in botulism that makes muscles contract.

Bacteria diseases

Botulism and leprosy.

Virus diseases

Polio and rabies.

maternal antibodies

Antibodies that are transferred from a mother to her child during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

improved water sanitation and polio

As water sanitation improved, polio cases went up because kids started being exposed.

Salk vaccine

Made of dead viruses, requires a series of injections, and a booster shot is needed after a while.

Sabin vaccine

Made of weakened viruses, taken orally, and in some cases can cause polio in someone other than the person getting the vaccine.

polio travel in the body

Polio travels in the body through the CNS.

rabies travel in the body

Rabies travels through the body in the PNS.

polio and paralysis

Polio can cause paralysis because it could affect nerves that go to large muscles such as the thigh, and if it affects upper motor neurons it can lead to paralysis of the respiratory muscle.

botulism prevalence today

Botulism is less common today due to modern techniques.

botulism in adults vs infants

Botulism is less common in adults than in infants because of their mature digestive systems.

rabies and death

People can die from rabies due to the extensive damage to the nerve cells of the spinal cord and brain.

foaming of the mouth in rabies

Foaming of the mouth is due to air drafts or hydrophobia.

types of rabies

Furious rabies: The need to bite, restless and highly excitable, eventually leads to paralysis and is fatal within a few days. Paralytic rabies: Most common in cats, the animal seems unaware of its surroundings but may become irritable when handled.

incubation period for rabies

The incubation period is one to two months but can be up to 6 years.

Tuberculoid leprosy

Affects people with normal immune systems, causes a loss of sensation in an area that is surrounded by bumps.

Lepromatous leprosy

Affects people with weakened immune systems, affects skin cells and causes disfiguring nodules all over body, can affect the mucus membranes of the nose and causes lionface, causes necrosis of the hands and leads to finger loss and a claw hand deformity.

Rabies transmission

Rabies goes from the epithelial cells to the brain due to the bite.

Foodborne botulism

Eating food that contains the clostridium botulinum toxin, which makes improperly canned or stored food a cause of this.

Wound botulism

C. botulism spores affect an open wound, where they grow and produce the toxin.

Infant botulism

When a baby ingests C. botulism spores because babies lack the protective gut bacteria that adults have.

Botulism in babies

Babies get botulism because of the ingestion of contaminated food, and their weaker digestive systems.

Cause of death in leprosy

They may die from tuberculosis.

Polio paralysis percentage

Less than one percent of people who have polio actually become paralyzed.

Polio transmission

Someone gets polio through water sanitation.

Rabies transmission in the US

The most common way for people in the US to get rabies is by getting bit by a silver haired bat.

Botulism immune response

Botulism does not cause an immune response because the botulism toxin acts as an antigen.

Antibodies effect on botulism

Antibodies can be life saving to people with botulism, as it can block the nerve damage that causes paralysis.

First symptoms of polio

The first symptoms are sore throat, headaches and nausea because of the cells being multiplied in the mouth and the intestines.

Rabies without realizing

It is possible to get rabies without ever realizing you were bit because it can also be obtained through transplanted organs such as the cornea.

Testing for botulism type

Scientists figure out the type of botulism a patient has by testing bodily fluids.

Botulism vaccine composition

The botulism vaccine is made of antitoxins.

Rabies symptoms without vaccine

If someone gets symptoms from rabies and hasn't had the vaccine, they are more likely to get rabies.

Claw hand deformity cause

The cause of claw hand deformity is due to necrosis of the hands.

Lion face appearance cause

Lion face appearance in leprosy is caused by the mucus membranes of the nose being affected.