11 Biology - Nephrons

Deamination

Is the process by which amino acids are broken down, removing the amino group, and converting it into ammonia, which is then transformed into urea for excretion.

Glomerulus

A network of capillaries in the nephron of the kidney where blood filtration occurs, allowing waste materials and excess substances to pass into the kidney tubule.

Loop of Henle

A U-shaped segment of the nephron that plays a critical role in concentrating urine and regulating water and salt balance by creating a concentration gradient.

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

The first segment of the nephron, where reabsorption of water, ions, and nutrients occurs, significantly contributing to urine concentration and composition.

Distal Convoluted Tubule

The segment of the nephron that follows the loop of Henle, involved in the selective reabsorption of sodium and water, as well as the secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, playing a crucial role in electrolyte balance.

Bowman’s Capsule

Capsule surrounding the blood vessels: the glomerulus, to allow for blood filtration to occur