History 8 - Chapter 3 Terms

Jamestown

the first permanent English settlement in North America

Headright System

agreement in which settlers and the family members who came with them each received 50 acres of land

indentured servants

immigrants who received passage to America in exchange for a fixed term of labor

Bacon's Rebellion

conflict between former indentured servants and Native Americans

Toleration Act

law that made it a crime to restrict the religious right of Christians

slave codes

law that controlled the lives of enslaved African Americans and denied them basic rights

Puritans

group that wanted to reform the Church of England

Pilgrims

group of English separatists who fled religious persecution

Mayflower Compact

agreement that helped establish the practice of self-government

Quakers

group that settled in Pennsylvania in order to practice their religion freely

William Penn

Quaker leader that founded Pennsylvania and practiced religious toleration

staple crops

crops that are always needed

cash crops

crops that are sold for profit

Mercantilism

movement designed to increase a nation's wealth by controlling trade.

Navigation Acts

law that required the colonies to trade exclusively with Britain

Enlightenment

movement that spread the idea that science and reason could improve society

French and Indian War

conflict between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley.

Great Awakening

movement that spread religious ideas in the American colonies

Proclamation of 1763

law that prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachians after the French and Indian War