Biology Quiz #2

Tissue

a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a specific function.

Organs

a group of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body.

Organ System

two or more organs that work together to perform body functions.

Epithelial tissue

provides protective lining; allows for transport, secretion and absorption.

Connective tissue

provides support, binds together and protects other tissues and organs.

Muscle Tissue

contracts to allow for movement, support & heat protection.

Nervous Tissue

receives and transmits impulses; processes information.

Cell

most basic unit of life.

Neurons

are specialized cells that are able to send electrical and chemical signals to help the organism sense information, coordinate a response, and carry out that response.

Sensory Neurons

detect stimuli and send signals to the brain and spinal cord.

Interneurons

receive and process the information from the sensory neurons and send response signals to motor neurons.

Motor Neurons

act on the signal by stimulating muscles to contract.

Dendrites

the short, branchlike extensions that extend from the cell body. They receive electrochemical messages from other cells.

Axon

a long extension of the cell that carries electrochemical signals away from the cell body and passes them to other cells.

Muscles

consist of bundles of muscle cells that contract when they are stimulated by the nervous system.

Skeletal muscles

under voluntary control, so you can choose to move this type of muscle tissue.

Myofibrils

are muscle fibers that are bundles of single, thin muscle cells.

Sarcomere

is the contractile unit of the muscle cell.

Flagellum

a long tail that sperm cells have that allows for movement.

Cilia

are hair-like extensions in the epithelial cells of the trachea.

Involuntary Control

when muscles move in response to nerve signals or hormones but you don't choose to move them.

Voluntary control

when you can choose to move a type of muscle tissue.