The Quebec Question and Canada's Political Developments

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to Canadian political developments, particularly those concerning Quebec, Indigenous rights, and minority movements.

FLQ Terrorism

A wave of attacks led by the Front de libération du Québec from 1963 to 1970, culminating in the October Crisis.

October Crisis

A crisis in 1970 that led to the declaration of martial law in Canada due to FLQ terrorism.

Parti Quebecois (PQ)

A political party in Quebec that advocates for Quebec sovereignty and increased provincial autonomy.

Canada Act (1982)

The legislation that patriated the Canadian Constitution and included the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Legislation that outlines the rights and freedoms guaranteed to all Canadians, enacted in 1982.

Fundamental Freedoms

Rights protected under the Charter including freedom of conscience, religion, thought, expression, assembly, and association.

Meech-Lake Accord

A failed constitutional agreement in 1987 aiming to recognize Quebec as a distinct society.

Charlottetown Accord

A constitutional amendment proposal in 1992 that was defeated in a national referendum.

Quebec Referendum (1995)

A vote on whether Quebec should become sovereign; it was narrowly defeated with a 50.58% 'No' vote.

Calgary Declaration (1997)

A proposal acknowledging Quebec as a distinct society and granting veto power to several regions over constitutional changes.

Indian Act

A Canadian federal law that governs the affairs of Indigenous peoples, historically associated with discrimination.

Bill C-31

Legislation introduced in 1985 aimed at amending the Indian Act to address gender discrimination.

Black Lives Matter—Canada

A movement aiming to affirm Black lives and address systemic racism within Canadian society.

Annamie Paul

The first Black Canadian woman elected as the leader of a federal political party, specifically the Green Party.

Street Checks

Controversial police practices in Canada involving the questioning and documentation of individuals, often related to racial profiling.