Study Notes for Chapter 14-15 Test

What role did Lyman Beecher play in American history?

He was a leading reformer in the temperance movement.

How is the economic class described when someone is neither rich nor poor?

Middle class.

What was the main focus of southern writers in their novels?

Romance about the southern lifestyle.

What significant event did the Seneca Falls Convention launch?

The first women's rights movement.

Where did many slaves work during this period?

In southern cities.

What effect did the growing and harvesting of cotton have on the slave trade?

It increased the slave trade due to the need for many workers.

Who founded the first free U.S. school for hearing-impaired students?

Thomas Gallaudet.

What unethical practice did slave traders from the north engage in?

They sold free African Americans back into slavery for profit.

What was the cotton gin designed to do?

Remove short staple cotton seeds.

What affection did southern residents have towards their land?

A huge love for their land.

What was the common school movement about?

Educating all children regardless of their background.

What roles did Angelina and Sarah Grimke play in historical reform?

They led the anti-slavery movement despite disagreements with their parents.

What was the goal of the Utopian communities?

To create a 'perfect' life on earth.

What lifestyle did many African Americans center upon?

Urban churches.

What feelings did the diverse backgrounds of immigrants evoke in native-born Americans?

Feelings of threat.

What was the title of the book written by Margaret Fuller in 1863 about ending slavery?

Christian Women in the South.

How did Horace Greeley impact abolition?

He made a significant statement in the New York Tribune advocating for abolition.

What were societies like the American Temperance Society aimed at achieving?

To limit or stop alcohol consumption.

What special role did Jemima Hunt play in Virginia?

She worked to buy her husband's freedom as a free African American.

What did Yeomen prefer regarding their work compared to working alongside slaves?

They preferred to work themselves rather than beside slaves.

What concerns did Southern farmers have about farming cotton?

Concerns about soil longevity for harvests.

What was the cotton belt?

The region known for producing the majority of the country's cotton.

What term describes farmers who had very few slaves?

Yeomen.

What challenges did abolitionists face regarding emancipation?

Racism, fear, and the South's economic dependence on slavery.

Who invented the cotton gin?

Eli Whitney.

What were farmers called who held many slaves?

Planters.

What are folktales?

Stories parents tell children to remember their origins.

What did the American Anti-Slavery Society advocate for?

Immediate emancipation and racial equality for African Americans.

What are tenements?

Overcrowded and dirty buildings where large groups of people live.

What process aimed to end slavery completely?

Abolition.

What experience helped Eli Whitney invent the cotton gin?

Visiting a Georgia plantation.

Who was Joseph R. Anderson?

He graduated from West Point and had a successful iron works factory.