AP Psychology Review Flashcards

Fill-in-the-blank flashcards for AP Psychology exam review, based on lecture notes.

A __ is a tentative explanation that must be falsifiable.

hypothesis

An __ is a clear, precise, quantifiable definition of your variables.

operational definition

__ data includes descriptive information.

Qualitative

__ data includes numerical information.

Quantitative

refers to everyone the research could apply to, whereas is the people specifically chosen for your study.

Population, sample

With __, you identify the relationship between two variables, but it does not equal causation.

correlation

__ purposefully manipulate variables to determine cause and effect.

Experiments

The __ is purposefully altered by the researcher to look for an effect.

independent variable

The __ is the measured variable dependent on the independent variable.

dependent variable

A __ is an observed effect caused by a placebo.

placebo effect

In a __ study, neither the participant nor the experimenter knows which condition people are assigned to.

double-blind

A __ is an error or flaw accidentally introduced in a study.

confound

__ assigns participants to either control or experimental groups at random.

Random assignment

__ involves observing people in their natural settings, but does not determine cause and effect.

Naturalistic observation

A __ studies one person in great detail, but does not determine cause and effect.

case study

__ combines multiple studies to increase sample size and examine effect sizes.

Meta-analysis

__ statistics show the shape of the data.

Descriptive

The is the average, while the is the middle number, and the __ occurs most often.

mean, median, mode

__ statistics establish significance, indicating results are not due to chance.

Inferential

According to ethical guidelines, means names are kept secret, and means participants must agree to be part of the study.

confidentiality, informed consent

__ is when you must be told the true purpose of the study and is done after deception.

Debriefing

__ is when you lie to look good on surveys.

Social desirability

A __ sample mimics the general population, increasing generalizability.

representative

__ occurs when the experimenter or participant's expectations influences the outcome.

Experimenter bias / Participant bias

bias involves finding information that supports preexisting beliefs, while bias is the 'I knew it all along' phenomenon.

Confirmation, hindsight

The __ effect leads to people changing their behavior when watched.

Hawthorne

__ is the study of how natural selection influences behavior.

Evolutionary psycs

The __ nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.

central

The __ nervous system is the rest of the nervous system and consist of the somatic and autonomic systems.

peripheral

Within a neuron, receive incoming neurotransmitters, and the is where AP travels down.

dendrites, axon