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What best defines Gender Dysphoria?
distress caused by difference between one’s gender identity and assigned sex
Which of the following is true regarding sexual dysfunction?
there is a significant orgasm gap between men and women
A diagnosis of Voyeuristic Disorder requires all of the following except:
the individual is at least 18 years old
the urges or fantasies last at least 6 months
the behavior causes distress or involves non-consenting individuals
EXCEPT:the behavior occurs in a controlled environment
What distinguishes a kink from a paraphilic disorder?
kinks=consensual+non-harmful; paraphilic disorders involve distress or harm
Which of the following is true about alcohol withdrawal?
it may include tremors and delirium
Which theory posits that individuals use alcohol to manage negative emotions or psychological stress?
Tension-Reduction Hypothesis
Which of the following must be present to meet the definition of psychosis?
at least one positive symptom
Which of the following is an example of a positive symptom of psychosis?
hallucinations
According to the dopamine hypothesis, positive symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with:
excess dopamine in mesolimbic circuits
What is the “Rule of Thirds” in schizophrenia treatment outcomes?
1/3 recover fully, 1/3 partially, and 1/3 show little to no improvement.
What is the Abstinence Violation Effect?
a single lapse triggers sense of failure and increased risk of full relapse
What does it mean for a personality disorder to be ego-syntonic?
the traits align with the individual’s self-perception and values
The DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) emphasizes:
a dimensional approach focusing on trait severity and impairment
What feature of personality disorders often makes them difficult to treat?
traits are ego-syntonic
Which best reflects the variability in narcissistic personality presentation across gender and subtype?
Women=prone to vulnerable narcissism; Men=prone to grandiose narcissism