Urinary System -anatomy mcqs

The right kidney is lower than the left one.

-yes/no

yes

The kidney parenchyma is made of cortex and medulla.

-yes/no

yes

The ureter gets narrow in 3 (levels) places.

-yes/no

yes

The ureter is located intraperitonially.

-yes/no

no

The mucous membrane of the urinary bladder makes many folds in trigonum vesicae.

-yes/no

no

Renal hilum is located on its medial margin.

-yes/no

yes

Columnae renales are part of the medulla reoalis.

-yes/no

no

Sinus renalis is part of the excretory passages.

-yes/no

no

Visceral layer of the Bowman's capsule of the renal corpuscle is made of podocytes.

-yes/no

yes

Juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney secretes prostaglandins.

-yes/no

no

Tunica muscularis of the ureter consists of 3 layers of smooth muscle through its whole length.

-yes/no

no

The external coat of the wall of the urinary bladder is only tunica adventitia.

-yes/no

no

The urinary bladder stores the urine.

-yes/no

yes

The function of the KIDNEYS is:

A. Filter blood and produce urine

B. Store urine

Filter blood and produce urine

The basal lamina of the glomerular filtration barrier is:

A. simple

B. is penetrating for the proteins

C. one for the ca

D. capillaries and the other for the visceral layers of the bowman's

E. builtfrom lamina rara interna, lamina densa and lamina rara externa

capillaries and the other for the visceral layers of the bowman's

The visceral layer of the Bowman's capsule consists of:

A. simple columnar absorptive epithelium

B. podocytes

C. simple squamous epithelium

D. simple cuboidal secreting epithelium

podocytes

The epithelium of the urinary bladder is:

A. multistratified non-keratinizing epithelium

B. multistratified keratinizing epithelium

C. Henle's epithelium

D. pseudostratified ciliated epithelium

Henle's epithelium

The distal tubule of the nephron is:

A. made of cuboidal cells with the basal invagination of the plasmalemma

B. there are long and plenty microvilli on the apical surface

C. there is an absorption of the proteins and glucose

D. here the urine become acid

made of cuboidal cells with the basal invagination of the plasmalemma

The light and dark cells are in the epithelium of:

A. the proximal tubule

B. loop of Henle

C. the distal tubule

D. the collecting tubule

the collecting tubule

The sensory neurons supply the following structures:

A. the fibrous capsule

B. cortex of the kidney

C. medulla of the kidney

D. the blood vessels of the kidney

the fibrous capsule

The capillaries of the renal glomeruli are:

A. fenestrated capillaries

B. sinusoids

C. continuous

fenestrated capillaries

The epithelium of the ureter is:

A. simple squamous epithelium

B. transitional epithelium of Henle

C. simple cuboidal covering epithelium

D. simple columnar secreting epithelium

transitional epithelium of Henle

Fossa navicularis of the male urethra is lined by:

A. simple columnar covering epithelium

B. transitional epithelium of Henle

C. pseudostratified columnar epithelium

D. stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

The renal sinus contains:

A. the funnel-shaped origin of the ureter

B. The pyramids

C. The renal corpuscules

the funnel-shaped origin of the ureter

In sinus renalis renal vein is located:

A. dorsal to the arteria renalis and pelvis

B. between arteria renalis and pelvis renalis

C. anterior to the arteria renalis and pelvis renalis

D. above the arteria renalis and pelvis renalis

anterior to the arteria renalis and pelvis renalis

All of the following statements concerning the renal hilum are correct EXCEPT:

A. the renal vein is anterior to the renal artery

B. the renal artery is anterior to the renal pelvis

C. it is the entrance to the renal sinus

D. it is located on the concave medial margin of the kidney

E. it contains the renal pyramids

it contains the renal pyramids

The renal papillae empty intowhich of the following structures?

A. renal vein

B. ureter

C. minor calyces

D. renal pyramid

E. renal column

minor calyces

As the glomerular filtrate passes through the uriniferous tubule, ions and water are exchanged (actively or passively) with the renal interstitium, resulting in the filtrate being isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic relative to blood plasma. During a condition of antidiuresis, which part of the uriniferous tubule would contain a hypertonic filtrate?

A. Bottom of descending thin limb of loop of Henle

B. Bowman (capsular) space

C. Distal portion of the ascending thick limb of the loop of Henle

D. Pars recta of the proximal tubule

E. Proximal convoluted tubule

Bottom of descending thin limb of loop of Henle

As the glomerular filtrate passes through the uriniferous tubule, ions and water are exchanged (actively or passively) with the renal interstitium, resulting in the filtrate being isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic relative to blood plasma. During a condition of antidiuresis, which one of the following parts of the uriniferous tubule would contain a hypotonic filtrate?

A. Bowman (capsular)space

B. Cortical collecting tubule

C. Distal portion of the ascending thick limb of the loop of Henle

D. Medullary collecting tubule

E. Proximal convoluted tubule

Distal portion of the ascending thick limb of the loop of Henle

As the glomerular filtrate passes through the uriniferous tubule, ions and water are exchanged (actively or passively) with the renal interstitium, resulting in the filtrate being isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic relative to blood plasma. During a condition of antidiuresis, which part of the uriniferous tubule would contain an isotonic filtrate?

A. Ascending thick limb of the loop of Henle

B. Bottom of descending thin limb of loop of Henle

C. Bowman (capsular) space

D. Medullary collecting tubule

E. Papillary collecting tubule

Bowman (capsular) space

As the glomerular filtrate passes through the uriniferous tubule, ions and water are exchanged (actively or passively) with the renal interstitium, resulting in the filtrate being isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic relative to blood plasma. During a condition of antidiuresis, which part of the uriniferous tubule would contain a hypertonic filtrate?

A. Ascending thick limb of the loop of Henle

B. Bowman (capsular) space

C. Cortical collecting tubule

D. Medullary collecting tubule

E. Proximal convoluted tubule

Medullary collecting tubule

The countercurrent multiplier system in the kidney involves the exchange of water and ions between the renal interstitium and

A. the blood in the vasa recta.

B. the blood in the peritubular capillary network.

C. the filtrate in the proximal convoluted tubule.

D. the filtrate in the loop of Henle.

E. the filtrate in the medullary collectingtubule.

the filtrate in the loop of Henle.

Which of the following statements concerning cortical collecting tubules is always true?

A. They are lined by a simple epithelium containing two types of cells.

B. They are also known as the ducts of Bellini.

C. They empty on the area cribrosa.

D. They are permeable to water.

E. They are continuous with the ascending thick limb of the Henle loop.

They are lined by a simple epithelium containing two types of cells.

Which one of the following structures is located in the renal cortex?

A. Vasa recta

B. Thin limbs of the loops of Henle

C. Afferent arterioles

D. lnterlobar veins

E. Area cribrosa

Afferent arterioles

Which of the following statements concerning the structure of medullary rays is true?

A. They contain arched collecting tubules .

B. They contain proximal convoluted tubules.

C. They do not extend into the renal cortex.

D. They lie at the center of a renal lobule .

E. They contain thin limbs of the loops of Henle.

They lie at the center of a renal lobule

To the female urethra doesn't concern the sign:

A. it has 3 parts

B. is long about 4cm

C. in its upper part the epithelium is transitional of Henle

D. in mucous membrane there are mucous glands

it has 3 parts

Each kidney has the following three coverings on its exterior:

- fibrous capsule

- adipose capsule

- renal fascia

The parts of the kidney parenchyma are:

- cortex

- medulla

The glomerulus is a small tuft of capillaries containing two cell types:

- endothelial cells

- mesangial cells

The Bowman's capsule has an outer parietal layer composed of __________ and visceral layer, composed of modified simple squamous epithelium, lined by ____________

- simple squamous epithelium

- podocytes

The nephron is made of:

- renal corpuscle

- proximal convoluted tubule

- distal convoluted tubule

- loop of Henle

- collecting tubule

The renal corpuscle filtration barrier is composed of:

- endothelium

- basal lamina

- podocytes

The basal lamina of renal corpuscle filtration barrier is composed of 3 layers:

- lamina rara externa

- lamina densa

- lamina rara interna

The epithelium of the ureter:

transitional epithelium (urothelium)

The urinary bladder possesses the following parts:

- apex

- corpus

- fundus

- neck (lowest part)

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The coats of the kidney :

A. they are three of them

B. capsula adiposa continues in corpus adiposum pararenale

C. capsula renalis has anterior and posterior sheets

D. capsula renalis is thick, firmly attached to the kidney

E. there is a sensitive innervation for capsula fibrosa

TRUE:

- they are three of them

- capsula adiposa continues in corpus adiposum pararenale

- there is a sensitive innervation for capsula fibrosa

FALSE:

- capsula renalis has anterior and posterior sheets

- capsula renalis is thick, firmly attached to the kidney

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

Typical for the kidney is:

A. A pair organ

B. Located in the retroperitoneal space of the posterior abdominal wall

C. The renal sinus contains the nephrones

D. The endothelium of the glomerular capillaries is fenestrated

E. A hollow muscular organ

TRUE:

- a pair of organ

- located in the retroperitoneal space of the posterior abdominal wall

- the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries is fenestrated

FALSE:

- the renal sinus contains the nephrones

- a hollow muscular organ

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The kidneys:

A. They are located in the retroperitoneum

B. Both kidneys are located on each side of the vertebral column

C. The parenchyma of the kidneys is divided into lobes

D. Arteria arcuatae are on the border between medulla and cortex renalis

E. The proximal tubule is a part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus

TRUE:

- they are located in the retroperitoneum

- both kidneys are located on each side of the vertebral column

- the parenchyma of the kidneys is divided into lobes

- arteria arcuatae are on the border between the medulla and cortex renalis

FALSE:

- the proximal tubule is a part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The kidney :

A. fascia renalis is over the parenchyma of the kidney

B. vas efferens of the Malpigian corpuscle in the cortex has bigger diameter than vas afferens

C. mesangium is between the capillaries of theglomerulus

D. macula densa from juxtaglomerular apparatus is chemoreceptor

E. the wall of the distal tubule contains light and dark cells

TRUE:

- mesangium is between the capillaries of the glomerulus

- macula densa from juxtaglomerular apparatus is chemoreceptor

FALSE:

- fascia renalis is over the parenchyma of the kidney

- vas efferens of the Malpigian corpuscle in the cortex has bigger diameter than vas afferens

- the wall of the distal tubule contains light and dark cells

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

Typical for the kidney is:

A. The Loop of Henle is made of cuboidal cells ·

B. The glomerulus is a continuation of vas afferens

C. The collecting tubules are made of flatten cells

D. The kidney produces the hormone erythropoietin

E. The parietal layer of the Bauman's Capsule is made of podocytes

TRUE:

- the loop of Henle is made of cuboidal cells

- the glomerulus is a continuation of vas afferens

- the kidney produces the hormone erythroprotein

FALSE:

- the collecting tubules are made of flatten cells

- the parietal layer of the Bauman's Capsule is made of podocytes

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The kidney :

A. pelvis renalis is entirely outside of the sinus renalis

B. parenchyma of the kidney is formed of tubuli seminiferi contorti

C. the name of the taking out arteriola is vas afferens

D. there are vascular pole and urinary pole in each Malpigian corpuscle

E. the kidney secretes erythropoetin

TRUE:

- there are vascular pole and urinary pole in each Malpigian corpuscle

- the kidney secretes erythropoetin

FALSE:

- pelvis renalis is entirely outside of the sinus renalis

- parenchyma of the kidney is formed of tubuli seminiferi contorti

- the name of the taking out arteriola is vas afferens

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The calyces of the kidney:

A. they are small, moderate and big

B. they are located close to the urinary bladder

C. they are located in sinus renalis

D. they take place in formation of urine

E. they are covered by stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

TRUE:

- they are located in sinus renalis

FALSE:

- they are small, moderate and big

- they are located close to the urinary bladder

- they take place in formation of urine

- they are covered by stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

Pelvis renalis is concerned with :

A. it is entirely outside of the sinus renalis

B. it is situated in front of renal artery and renal vein

C. major calyces are large branches of the renal pelvis.

D. it is lined with the transitional epithelium of Henle

E. its outside coat is tunica adventitia

TRUE:

- major calyces are large branches

- it is lined with the transitional epithelium of Henle

- its outside coat is tunica adventitia

FALSE:

- it is entirely outside of the sinus renalis

- it is situated in front of renal artery and renal vein

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The ureter is concerned with :

A. it is intraperitoneal organ

B. it has 3 parts

C. in cross section it appears as a star

D. it is lined with the transitional epithelium of Henle

E. the muscular coat in the lower third of the ureter is in three layers of smooth muscle

TRUE:

- it has 3 parts

- in cross section it appears as a star

- it is lined with the transitional epithelium of Henle

- the muscular coat in the lower third of the ureter is in three layers of smooth muscle

FALSE:

- it is intraperitoneal organ

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The urinary bladder:

A. apex prolongs in Lig. umbilicale medianum

B. its anterior wall is lined by peritoneum

C. both ureters penetrate the wall of the urinary bladder obliquely

D. the mucous membrane of the entire inner surface is strongly in folds

E. the smooth muscle of the tunica muscularis is in 2 layers

TRUE:

- apex prolongs in Lig. umbilicale medianum

- both ureters penetrate the wall of the urinary bladder obliquely

- the smooth muscle of the tunica muscularis is in 2 layers

FALSE:

- its anterior wall is lined by peritoneum

- the mucous membrane of the entire inner surface is strongly in folds

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

Typical for the urinary bladder:

A. Hollow muscular organ

B. Stores urine

C. Produces urine

D. Produces erythropoetin

TRUE:

- hollow muscular organ

- stores urine

FALSE:

- produces urine

- produces erythroprotein

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The epithelium of the urinary bladder is:

A. multistratified non-keratinizing epithelium

B. multistratified keratinizing epithelium

C. Henle's epithelium

D. pseudostratified ciliated epithelium

TRUE:

- Henle's epithelium

FALSE:

- multistratified non-keratinizing epithelium

- multistratified keratinizing epithelium

- pseudostratified ciliated epithelium

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The male urethra :

A. consists of abdominal and pelvic parts

B. convey the urine and ejaculate

C. ends with dilatation-fossa navicularis

D. the epithelium of the mucous membrane is entirely transitional epithelium of Henle

E. has 3 narrow parts

TRUE:

- convey the urine and ejaculate

- ends with dilatation-fossa navicularis

- has 3 narrow parts

FALSE:

- consists of abdominal and pelvic parts

- the epithelium of the mucous membrane is entirely transitional epithelium of Henle

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE or FALSE?

The female urethra:

A. is long and convoluted

B. is located behind the vagina

C. has striated skeletal muscle

D. has tunica serosa

E. there are mucous glands in its mucous membrane

TRUE:

- has striated skeletal muscle

- there are mucous glands in its mucous membrane

FALSE:

- is long and convoluted

- is located behind the vagina

- has tunica serosa

Typical for the kidney is:

A) cortex renalis

B) medulla renalis

--------

1) the Loop of Henle

2) proximal convoluted canals

3) the collecting tubules

4) the Corpus of Malpigii

5) distal convoluted canals

cortex renalis: 2,4,5

- proximal convoluted canals

- the Corpus of Malpigii

- distal convoluted canals

medulla renalis: 1,3

- the Loop of Henle

- the collecting tubules