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20 Terms
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1
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President Clinton’s apology on Guatemala
An acknowledgment of the U.S. role in the violence and genocide in Guatemala.
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Bishop Gerardi
A Guatemalan bishop associated with human rights advocacy and the elucidation of violence.
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Description of violence and genocide in Guatemala
Systematic and widespread killings during the Guatemalan Civil War, including significant acts against civilians.
4
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CIA’s 'Study of Assassination'
A report documenting strategies and methods of targeted killings employed by the CIA.
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Project X
CIA operations involving torture manuals used to train security forces in Guatemala.
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Phoenix Program
A CIA initiative aimed at neutralizing the Viet Cong during the Vietnam War, later referenced in the context of Guatemala.
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Operation Condor
A campaign of political repression and state terror in South America, which included Guatemala.
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Jennifer Harbury
An activist and human rights advocate who raised awareness about the abuses in Guatemala.
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Military repression against the Catholic Church
A campaign targeting clergy and believers who opposed government violence and repression.
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Guatemalan military’s color strategy
A classification system for targeting individuals: 'white' spared, 'pink' suspects of guerrillas, 'red' all to be executed.
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Dianna Ortiz
An American nun who was abducted and tortured by Guatemalan security forces, bringing attention to human rights abuses.
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Effect of Ortiz’s case on the US government
Led to a review of U.S. foreign policy regarding Guatemala during the Reagan, Bush, and Clinton administrations.
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CIA strategy to overthrow Arbenz
Involvement of CIA-trained soldiers to facilitate a coup in Guatemala.
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Army of Liberation
A group created to instill fear in Guatemalan citizens and government to accept the U.S.-backed victory of Castillo Armas.
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US use of 'big lie' technique
Propaganda method adopted from Nazi techniques, used by the U.S. during covert operations.
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Voice of Liberation
An anti-Arbenz propaganda group funded by the U.S. with the slogan 'Trabajo, pan, y patria' (Work, bread, and country).
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Kekchi (Panzos) massacre
A violent event where Guatemalan soldiers attacked an indigenous village, leading to mass casualties and repression.
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US overthrow of Ydigoras
U.S. involvement in the coup against President Ydigoras, favoring a regime less supportive of free elections.
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AID/OPS/Alliance for Progress
U.S. programs aimed at expanding the national police forces in Guatemala.
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US School of the Americas
A U.S. military facility that trained Latin American soldiers with controversial combat techniques.
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