Chapter 19: Variable Number Tandem Repeat Profiling

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism

the first historical method used in forensic DNA testing.

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism

It utilizes restriction endonucleases that recognize and cleave specific sites along the DNA sequence.

Restriction endonucleases

These are enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bond of DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites.

Restriction Endonuclease Digestion

It often has a specific palindromic recognition sequence, that is, a segment of double-stranded DNA in which the nucleotide’s sequence is identical with an inverted sequence in the complementary strand.

Southern Transfer

It is also known as Southern blotting.

Southern Transfer

This method can be used to transfer DNA from an agarose gel to a solid matrix so that it can be detected with a hybridization probe.

Sir Edwin Southern

Southern Transfer is named after?

Multilocus Probe Technique (MLP)

It can detect multiple VNTR loci simultaneously.

Single-Locus Probe Technique (SLP)

It generates a simple pattern called a DNA profile, consisting of one band for a homozygote and two bands for a heterozygote per locus.

Southern Transfer

It is also known as Southern blotting.

Bin

A range of DNA fragments that differ by only a few repeat units.

Star Activity

A deviation of the specificity of a cleavage site of a restriction endonuclease.

Point Mutations

Caused by the substitution, deletion, or insertion of a single nucelotide.

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP)

A PCR-based technique that uses selective amplification of a subset of digested DNA fragments to generate and compare unique fingerprints for genomes of interest.

D1S80

Locus used by forensic DNA laboratories for AFLP analysis.

amelogenin gene

The _____ is used for forensic sex-typing applications.