________: You as a speaker, should show respect to your receivers through understanding their culture, values, and beliefs.
2
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Consideration
________: You as a speaker, should give high regard and courtesy to your audiences background information such as their culture, education, religion, status, mood, feelings, and needs.
3
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Concreteness
________: You as a speaker, should make certain that your message is backed up by facts, figures, and real life examples or situations.
4
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Clearness
________: You as a speaker, should use simple and clear words to express your ideas.
5
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Circumlocution paraphrase
________: Describing or explaining the meaning, or the function of the target expression.
6
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Correctness
________: You as a speaker, should avoid grammatically wrong statements to show credibility and effectiveness of the message.
7
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facial expression
Use of Non- Verbal Means: The use of non- linguistic resources such as mine, gestures, ________, and sound imitation to help the learners /speaker express the meaning.
8
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Topic Avoidance
________: Learners try not to talk about the concepts which they find difficult to express.
9
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Successful communication
________ requires understanding, but sometimes we encounter problems because of different factors.
10
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Message abandonment
________: It refers to leaving the message unfinished due to lack of a structural or linguistic item.
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Conciseness message
________ is direct to the point.
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Word Coinage
________: Creating a word thinking that it might work.
13
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courtesy
Showing ________ helps create a positive vibe and healthy communication with the audience.
14
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Other
repair
15
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Consideration
You as a speaker, should give high regard and courtesy to your audiences background information such as their culture, education, religion, status, mood, feelings, and needs
16
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Concreteness
You as a speaker, should make certain that your message is backed up by facts, figures, and real life examples or situations
17
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Courtesy
You as a speaker, should show respect to your receivers through understanding their culture, values, and beliefs
18
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Clearness
You as a speaker, should use simple and clear words to express your ideas
19
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Correctness
You as a speaker, should avoid grammatically wrong statements to show credibility and effectiveness of the message
20
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Topic Avoidance
Learners try not to talk about the concepts which they find difficult to express
21
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Message abandonment
It refers to leaving the message unfinished due to lack of a structural or linguistic item
22
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Circumlocution/ paraphrase
Describing or explaining the meaning, or the function of the target expression
23
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Word Coinage
Creating a word thinking that it might work
24
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Foreignizing
Trying out a word but adjusting it slightly phonologically or morphologically
25
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Topic-Shift
Shifting from one topic to another
26
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All Purpose Words
Words used to fill in the gap
27
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Appeal for help
It means asking the interlocutor for help
28
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COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES
Strategies that language learners use to overcome communication problems in order for them to convey their intended meaning.
29
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Nomination
Proposing or suggesting a topic with the people you are talking to.
30
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RESTRICTION
Limiting the topic or subject in conversation.
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TURN-TAKING
Process by which people decide who will take the conversational floor.
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TOPIC CONTROL
Regulating or manipulating the topic of the conversation and how long we want the other person may talk
33
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TOPIC SHIFTING
Changing the subject in a conversation, moving from one topic to another.
34
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REPAIR
Refers to the correction by speaker of a misunderstood utterance.
35
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TERMINATION
Ending the conversation or closing up a discussion