Oral Com 11: Communication Strategies and Communication Strategies to Avoid Communication Breakdown

Courtesy

: You as a speaker, should show respect to your receivers through understanding their culture, values, and beliefs.

Consideration

: You as a speaker, should give high regard and courtesy to your audiences background information such as their culture, education, religion, status, mood, feelings, and needs.

Concreteness

: You as a speaker, should make certain that your message is backed up by facts, figures, and real life examples or situations.

Clearness

: You as a speaker, should use simple and clear words to express your ideas.

Circumlocution paraphrase

: Describing or explaining the meaning, or the function of the target expression.

Correctness

: You as a speaker, should avoid grammatically wrong statements to show credibility and effectiveness of the message.

facial expression

Use of Non- Verbal Means: The use of non- linguistic resources such as mine, gestures, , and sound imitation to help the learners /speaker express the meaning.

Topic Avoidance

: Learners try not to talk about the concepts which they find difficult to express.

Successful communication

requires understanding, but sometimes we encounter problems because of different factors.

Message abandonment

: It refers to leaving the message unfinished due to lack of a structural or linguistic item.

Conciseness message

is direct to the point.

Word Coinage

: Creating a word thinking that it might work.

courtesy

Showing helps create a positive vibe and healthy communication with the audience.

Other

repair

Consideration

You as a speaker, should give high regard and courtesy to your audiences background information such as their culture, education, religion, status, mood, feelings, and needs

Concreteness

You as a speaker, should make certain that your message is backed up by facts, figures, and real life examples or situations

Courtesy

You as a speaker, should show respect to your receivers through understanding their culture, values, and beliefs

Clearness

You as a speaker, should use simple and clear words to express your ideas

Correctness

You as a speaker, should avoid grammatically wrong statements to show credibility and effectiveness of the message

Topic Avoidance

Learners try not to talk about the concepts which they find difficult to express

Message abandonment

It refers to leaving the message unfinished due to lack of a structural or linguistic item

Circumlocution/ paraphrase

Describing or explaining the meaning, or the function of the target expression

Word Coinage

Creating a word thinking that it might work

Foreignizing

Trying out a word but adjusting it slightly phonologically or morphologically

Topic-Shift

Shifting from one topic to another

All Purpose Words

Words used to fill in the gap

Appeal for help

It means asking the interlocutor for help

COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES

Strategies that language learners use to overcome communication problems in order for them to convey their intended meaning.

Nomination

Proposing or suggesting a topic with the people you are talking to.

RESTRICTION

Limiting the topic or subject in conversation.

TURN-TAKING

Process by which people decide who will take the conversational floor.

TOPIC CONTROL

Regulating or manipulating the topic of the conversation and how long we want the other person may talk

TOPIC SHIFTING

Changing the subject in a conversation, moving from one topic to another.

REPAIR

Refers to the correction by speaker of a misunderstood utterance.

TERMINATION

Ending the conversation or closing up a discussion