Anthro 2

syncretism

merging of religions

karma

what you put out in the world comes back to

sarariman

job the father has on the Japanese tv show

shame vs guilt

one reason why Japan is safer than the US, has to do with culture

OL

office lady in Japanese setting, word for clerical, white-collar female worker

Mahayana

school of Buddhism that have more ways to Enlightenment- believe in Bodhisattvas

Bodhisattva

being that give up their lives to help others in Buddhism; have reached enlightenment, but do not enter the void

Animism

a religious system organized around a belief that plants, animals, inanimate objects, or natural phenomena have a spiritual or supernatural element

Four Noble Truths

1. Life is suffering
2. Suffering is caused by cravings
3. Suffering ends when our cravings end
4. Reaching this state is achieved by following the historical Buddha

sociobiology

certain behavioral traits are inherited due to natural selection

Emile Durkheim

a French socialist who explored ideas of the sacred (holy) and the profane (unholy), as well as the effects of religious ritual

Buddha

"the chosen one"- a person who has obtained full enlightenment

religion

a set of beliefs based on a unique vision of the world ought to be, often revealed through insights into a supernatural power, and lived out in community

roles of Japanese women

strike a balance between work/career and personal life/family; expectations of marriage, having kids, leaving job to care for children

Theravada

school of Buddhism emphasizing personal salvation through your own efforts; all you can do to reach Enlightenment is do the work

Yanomamo

an indigenous tribe in the Amazon with forms of aggression and violence found in most men

Shinto

worshipping the natural world

Zen

school of Mahayana Buddhism asserting that enlightenment can come through meditation and intuition rather than faith

ritual

practices or ceremonies that serve a religious purpose and are usually supervised to please the gods

reincarnation

the idea that a living being can begin another life in a new body after death

sacred

objects or ideas are set apart from the ordinary and treated with great respect or care

profane

objects that are ordinary and can be treated with disregard or contempt

anthropomorphism

the representation of an object or being that has human characteristics

seku-hara

sexual harassment in Japanese

Napolean Chagnon

"A Man Called Bee"- the man who studied the Yanomamo

shaman

a part time religious practitioner who carries are religious ritual when needed, but also participates in the normal work of the community

functions of religion

1. provide explanations
2. reinforce unity
3. provide principles for life
4. provide guidance

types of religion

1. Shamanic
2. Communal
3. Olympian
4. Monotheistic/ecclesiastic

elements of religion

1. cosmology
2. supernatural
3. rules governing behavior
4. ritual

rite of passage

a ceremony designed to transition individuals between life stages

rite of intensification

actions designed to bring a community together, often following a period of crisis

rite of revitalization

attempts to resolve serious problems, such as war, famine, or poverty through a spiritual or supernatural intervention

folk religion

what people do on a day-to-day; not too-in depth

sempai

superior in workplace/school

kohai

subordinate in the workplace/school

functions of religion

1. provide explanations
2. reinforce unity
3. provide principles for life
4. provide guidance

no, they are sacred and more useful economically alive than they are dead

eating cows?

going on dates in a group

Japanese dating

Buddhists and Shintos

most Japanese are both ___ and ___

the way of salvation

what makes the Mahayana different from the Theravada?

uchi/soto

insider vs outsider