AP Psychology motivation and emotion Vocab quiz 1

Motivation

a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

instinct

a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned

drive reduction theory

physiological needs create an aroused, motivated state, a drive that pushes us to behave in a way that reduces the need and returns the body to homeostasis

homeostasis

tendency to maintain a balanced of constant internal state; regulation on any body chemistry

ex: body temperature, blood pressure

self-determination theory

proposes that people are motivated by intrinsic or extrinsic motivators

incentive theory

explores the role of rewards (which are an extrinsic motivators) in motivating behavior

arousal theory

Having all our biological needs satisfied, we feel driven to experience stimulation.

Yerkes Dodson law

moderate arousal leads to optimal performance

(neither too high or too low arousal level will lead to best performance)

motivational conflict theory

Theory proposes that choices create conflicts one must resolve as the basis of motivation.

sensation seeking theory

Proposes that one’s level of need for varied or novel experiences is the basis for motivation

hypothalamus

performs various body maintenance functions, including control of hunger. Blood vessels supply the hypothalamus, enabling it to respond to our current blood chemistry as well as to incoming neural information about the body’s state.

ghrelin

increases appetite, secreted by an empty stomach

leptin

decreases appetite & increases metabolism, secreted by fat cells

set point

the point (weight) at which your “weight thermostat” may be set (fixed)

emotion

a response of the whole organism,

facial feedback effect

the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness.

two factor theory of emotions

emotions have two ingredients: physical arousal and cognitive appraisal

broaden and build theory

theory about how the experience of emotions influences our cognition

display rules

a socially learned standard that regulates the expression of emotion.