Internet Vocabulary word

9th grade software

Network

A group of interconnected devices or systems.

Routing

The process of determining the optimal path for data transmission in a network.

IP address

A unique numerical label assigned to each device connected to a network.

Protocol

A set of rules governing communication between devices in a network.

LAN (Local Area Network)

A network that covers a small geographic area, such as a home, office, or building.

WAN (Wide Area Network)

A network that spans a large geographic area, often connecting multiple LANs.

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

A network that covers a larger area than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, typically within a city or metropolitan area.

PAN (Personal Area Network)

A network used for communication among devices in close proximity to an individual, such as smartphones and wearable devices.

Computing device

Any device capable of processing data, such as computers, smartphones, tablets, and servers.

Router

A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

Switch

A networking device that connects devices within a LAN and forwards data to the intended recipient.

Bandwidth

The maximum rate of data transfer across a network or communication channel.

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, a set of protocols governing communication on the Internet and many other networks.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

The protocol used for transferring hypertext requests and information on the World Wide Web.

DNS (Domain Name System)

A hierarchical decentralized naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network.

Ethernet

A standard protocol for wired local area networks (LANs) that allows devices to communicate with each other.

Firewall

A security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

Packet

A unit of data transmitted over a network, consisting of a header containing control information and the payload containing the actual data.

MAC address

A unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications on the physical network segment.

Wireless network

A network that enables devices to connect and communicate wirelessly using radio waves instead of physical cables.

Subnet

A logical subdivision of an IP network, created to improve network performance, security, and management.

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

A secure network connection that allows users to access resources and services over a public network, such as the internet, while ensuring privacy and data security.

Server

A computer or device that provides resources, data, or services to other computers or devices, known as clients, over a network.

Cloud computing

A model for delivering computing services over the internet, where resources such as servers, storage, and applications are accessed and managed remotely.

Gateway

A network node that serves as an entry point or exit point to another network, translating between different protocols or network architectures.

DNS server

A server that translates domain names into IP addresses and vice versa, enabling users to access websites using human-readable domain names.

Load balancing

The process of distributing network traffic across multiple servers or resources to optimize performance, reliability, and resource utilization.

Packet loss

The loss of data packets during transmission over a network, often resulting from network congestion, errors, or equipment failure.

Intranet

A private network accessible only to authorized users within an organization, providing access to shared resources, communication tools, and internal services.

Internet

A global network of interconnected computers and devices that use the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to communicate and share information worldwide.

IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4)

The fourth version of the Internet Protocol (IP) that assigns numerical addresses to devices on a network, allowing them to communicate with each other over the Internet.

IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6)

The sixth revision of the Internet Protocol (IP) developed to replace IPv4.