African Americans in the South in the Late Nineteenth Century

The Nadir Period

The low point of African American history from 1890 to 1920

Disfranchisement

Having the right to vote removed or denied

South Carolina Eight Box Law

An election law designed to ensure white supremacy in South Carolina without violating the 15th Amendment

Black Crimes

Anyone who is associated could not vote

Black Crimes

Arson

Black Crimes

Bigamy

Black Crimes

Petty theft

White Crimes

Anyone who is associated could vote

White Crimes

Murder

White Crimes

Rape

White Crimes

Grand larceny

Literacy Tests

A test that is given to determine if someone can read a ballot with unfair questions

Grandfather Clause

A person had to prove their ancestors vote prior to 1865 in order to vote

Poll Tax

A yearly tax paid for the right to vote

Jim Crow

A character performed by Thomas “Daddy” Rice, which the character was a slave representative

The first segregation laws involved

Railroad Cars

Plessy v. Ferguson

A test case against the Louisiana segregation laws (separate but equal)

Racial Etiquette

The unwritten rules of interaction between whites and Blacks

The Chinese Exclusion Act

An act meant to prevent Chinese immigrants to come to the United States

The Wilmington Riot

A riot that took place in North Carolina because of Black men “taking advantage of” white women, Black and poor whites gained political power, etc.

Outcomes of the Wilmington Riot

The Black political power in Wilmington vanished, in which the Democrats “redeemed” the city

Lynching

A mob kills someone, especially by hanging, for an alleged offense with or without a legal trial.

Convict Leasing

The renting of prisoners to private companies for use as labor.

Booker T. Washington

Born as a slave, he started the Tuskegee Institute and won the support of many whites due to him largely not advocate complete rights for African Americans.

William Edward Burghardt Du Bois

Born free in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, he was the first African American to receive a doctorate from Harvard university and believed that the Blacks should fight for equal rights in every area.