Studied by 6 peopleCells undergo cell division …..
to produce new cells
In Eukaryotic cells, cell division is part of a regulated cycle called?
Cell Cycle
The larger the cells become the more demand the cells…
place on its DNA
Larger cells are less efficient in moving…..
something across a membrane
Asexual reproduction
production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent
Sexual reproduction
inherit some of their genetic information from each parent
Cells in animals and plants divide to produce…
new cells for growth or replace damage cells
Cell Division
the process by which a cell divides into 2 daughter cells
Cell division never stops growing…..
because your body needs new red blood cells
In cell division chromosomes make it possible
to separate DNA precisely during cell division
Chromosomes carry …..
information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next
Every cell must copy…
its genetic information before cell division
Each daughter cells gets its own copy
of genetic information
humans have _____ chromosomes
46
Chromatin
composed of DNA and histone proteins (located in nucleus)
DNA coils around histone proteins to form nucleosomes
Nucleosomes
interact with one another to form coils and supercoils that make up chromosomes
Interphase
time between cell division/ period of growth
M phase
period of cell division
G1
cell growth
cells increase in size and synthesize new proteins/organelles
S phase
DNA replication
New DNA is synthesized when chromosomes are replicated
G2
preparation for mitosis
many organelles and molecules needed ofr cell division are produced
M phase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Mitosis
a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells
Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm
Each daughter cell has identical set of duplicated chromosomes
PMAT
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cell Cycle
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Chromatin condenses into chromosomes/duplicates/becomes visible
nucleolus disappears and nuclear envelope breaks down
Chromatid
each strand of a duplicated chromosome
Centromere
the area where each pair of chromatids are joined
Centrioles
tiny structures located in cytoplasm of animal cells that help organize the spindle
sister chromatids
two chromatids on the same side of a centromere
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell/ every chromosome is connected to spindle fibers
Helps separate the chromosomes \n
anaphase
sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes
chromosomes separate into two groups near the poles of the spindle
LOOKS LIKE A FOOTBALL
telophase
Chromosomes spread out into a tangle of chromatin/nuclear envelope reforms around each cluster of chromosome
Spindle breaks and nucleolus becomes visible in each daughter nucleus
interphase
cell grows and replicated its DNA and centrioles
Cytokinesis
each daughter cell has identical set of duplicated chromosomes
Cytokinesis in Animal Cells
Cell membrane is drawn in until the cytoplasm is pinched into two equal parts
Division of the cytoplasm
Process is different in animal and plant cells
Cytokinesis in plant cells
Cell membrane not flexible enough to draw inward because of the rigid cell wall
Cell plates forms between the divided nuclei that develops into cell membranes
Cell wall forms in between the two new membranes
What role does cell division play in your life?
Divides into daughter cells/ cellular respiration
Does cell division stop when you are finished growing?
No you need to keep producing more cells, for example blood cells
In eukaryotic cells, cell division is part of a regulated cycle called?
Cell cycle
What is the role of chromosomes cell division?
Chromosomes make it possible to separate DNA precisely during cell division
How many chromosome in each cell in a human body?
46
Is mitosis sexual or asexual?
asexual
Stages of Mitosis
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
Note
Flashcard