2.2 Quiz

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18 Terms

1

Formal charge

  • Valence electrons-electrons in lone pairs-# of bonds

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2
  • why sulfur and phosphorus are exceptions

  • because they can surpass the octet rule; this is because they have empty d orbitals that can be filled with extra electrons, giving rise to the possibility of an expanded octet

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3

Resonance structures

  • molecular/ionic compounds with more than 1 possible lewis structure

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4
  • linear molecular geometry

  • if there are 2 atoms bonded to the central atom and zero lone pairs

    • 180 degrees

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5
  • linear molecular geometry

  • if there are only 2 atoms; can’t make a shape

    • 180 degrees

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6
  • bent molecular geometry

  • if there are 2 atoms bonded to the central atom and one lone pair

    • a little <109.5 degrees

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7
  • bent molecular geometry

  • if there are 2 atoms bonded to the central atom and 2 lone pairs

    • a little <109.5 degrees

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8
  • trigonal planar molecular geometry

  • if there are 3 atoms bonded to the central atom and 0 lone pairs

    • 120 degrees

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9
  • trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry

  • if there are 3 atoms bonded to the central atom and 1 lone pair

    • a little <109.5 degrees

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10
  • tetrahedral molecular geometry

  • if there are 4 atoms bonded to the central atom and 0 lone pairs

    • 109.5 degrees

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11
  • london dispersion intermolecular forces

  • in all molecules

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12
  • dipole-dipole intermolecular forces

  • in polar molecules

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13
  • hydrogen bonding intermolecular forces

  • in polar molecules with H-F, H-O, H-N bonds

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14
  • compound is nonpolar if

  • the central atom has 0 lone pairs

  • all atoms around central atom are the same

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15
  • dipole moments

  • they point toward the most electronegative molecules

    • bond polarity is toward the more electronative atom

    • molecular polarity is the overall dipole moment

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16
  • If the electronegativity is

    • <0.4, it is

nonpolar

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17
  • If the electronegativity is

    • 0.4-1.7, it is

polar

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18
  • If the electronegativity is

    • >1.7, it is

ionic

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