[HOUSING] Lecture 2 - Community Development Aspects of Housing

Neighborhood

Geographic area within which residents conveniently share the common services and facilities needed in the vicinity of their dwellings

Natural Features, Streets, Manmade Features, Planning Elements

Physical boundaries of neighborhoods

Center

Locus of the neighborhood’s public buildings, ideally a post office, meeting hall, day care center, and religious or cultural institutions
Public space (Square, Green, or intersection)

Edges

May vary in character and may be formed by the systematic accretion between neighborhoods of recreational open spaces

400 meters from center to edge

Optimal size of a neighborhood (5 minute walk at an easy pace)

District

Urbanized area that is functionally specialized

Corridor

Connector and separator of neighborhoods and districts

Street

Communal rooms and passages (not dividing lines)

Conventional Grid Street Pattern

Curvilinear Loop Pattern and Beginning of Cul-de-sac

Conventional Cul-de-Sac street Pattern

Hierarchy

Variety of streets based on their pedestrian and vehicular loads

Figure

Proportion of building heights to right-of-way widths

Minimized

_ blocked radii to slow cars at intersections for pedestrian’s easy crossing

Landscaped Medians

Reduces apparent street width

Block

The field on which unfolds the building fabric and public realm of the city

250-600 ft

Size of block

Portland Typical Blocks

Savannah Cellular Units

New York Typical Blocks

Middle of Blocks or Underground

Cars are best accommodated in the _

Public open-spaces

Designed to be inhabited, not solely viewed

Semi-public types

To give life and internal character to urban blocks

Building

Smallest increment of growth in the city

Fabric

Buildings that conform to all street and block-related rules and are consistent in their form with all other buildings of their kind

Monumental

Buildings that are to be free of all formal constraints. Unique and idiosyncratic, the points of concentrated social meaning in the city

Coding

Design rules

Streets, Open Space, Commercial Space, Public Space, Institutional Space, Residential Space

Land Use elements of a Residential Development

Common Open Space

Deeded to a community property owners’ association that the developer creates and operates for the benefit of owners of property and development

Local - Collector - Arterial - Freeway

Street Classification according to service function

Water, Wastewater, Energy and Communications

Utility Elements of Residential Development

Municipal, Community, Individual

Wastewater systems

1. Grading

2. Drainage

3. Storm water management

4. Erosion and sedimentation control

5. Plant materials

6. Walls and fences

7. Entrance gateways

8. Streetscape Lighting

9. Design Details

Landscape Elements of Residential Development