Bonding of Atoms (2.3) Terms
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Last updated 12:41 AM on 2/2/26
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22 Terms
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Bonds
Chemical links formed when atoms combine with other atoms through electron interactions.
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Electron shells
Regions of space encircling the nucleus that electrons occupy; also called energy shells.
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Octet rule
The principle that atoms react to fill their outermost shell with eight electrons to achieve stability.
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Inert
Chemically inactive state of atoms with naturally full outermost electron shells.
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Ions
Atoms that have become electrically charged by gaining or losing electrons.
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Cations
Positively charged ions formed when an atom loses electrons.
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Anions
Negatively charged ions formed when an atom gains electrons.
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Ionic bonds
Chemical bonds formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
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Molecular structure
An illustration representing the types of elements and the number of atoms present in a molecule.
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Covalent bond
A chemical bond formed between atoms that share electrons.
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Structural formulas
Illustrations using atomic symbols and lines to represent the arrangement and bonding of atoms in a molecule.
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Nonpolar covalent bonds
Covalent bonds where atoms share electrons equally.
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Electronegativity
The measure of an atom's attraction to electrons based on the size of its nucleus.
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Polar
A molecule with an uneven distribution of charges due to unequal electron sharing.
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Hydrogen bond
A relatively weak attraction between the positive hydrogen end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another.
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Reactants
The starting materials that are changed by a chemical reaction.
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Products
The atoms
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Synthesis
A reaction where two or more atoms or molecules bond to form a more complex structure.
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Decomposition
A reaction where bonds in a reactant molecule break to form simpler molecules
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Reversible reaction
A reaction where the products can change back into the original reactants.
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Catalysts
Molecules that influence the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
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Exchange reaction
A reaction where parts of two different molecules trade positions as bonds are broken and new ones are formed.
Note 
Flashcards (34)