protein synthesis : principles and applications of science

protein synthesis

Nucleus

• DNA contains instructions for making the enzymes (a protein)
• mRNA - copy of DNA instructions (the process of making the copy is called transcription)
• mRNA leaves the nucleus

rough endoplasmic reticulum

• ribosomes use instructions in mRNA to synthesise protein
• proteins are made of amino acids
• synthesising proteins need energy from atop produced by mitochondria (ATP is broken down for the energy to be produced)
• completed enzyme is packed into a vesicle
• ribosomes use instructions on mRNA to synthesise protein from amino acids using energy from ATP produced by mitochondria
• completed enzyme is packed into a vesicle
• the packed vesicle then travels to Golgi apparatus

Golgi apparatus

• the enzyme is modified and the structure is changed
• enzyme is packed again into a vesicle
• vesicle moves towards the cell membrane
• enzyme is then released outside cell
• the process is called exocytosis

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watched a video on protein synthesis and here are the notes from that: