Unit 6

Collective bargaining

The process of negotiating terms and conditions of employment between an employer and a union or group of workers

Imperialism

Conquering of foreign territories by powerful countries for natural resources or markets

Zaibatsu

Large industrial and financial conglomerates founded in Japan to modernize the economy

Two seas linked by the Suez Canal

Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea

Berlin Conference

Conference held without any regard for Africas input

Trans-African Railroad

What Rhodes wanted to construct from Cape Town to Cairo

What helped encourage the idea for European imperialism in the 1800s

Nationalistic pride and competition, economic comperition for new markets, belief in superiority of the European way of life

Features of new imperialism

Nationalistic competition among European powers and US, economic motovation to capture natural resources and captive markets, establishment of military outposts to protect colonial assets

Sphere of influence

Region where one country has significant influence and control over the economic, political, and cultural affairs of the regions native inhabitants

Materials and markets

Motivatin for i perialism, particularly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, where countries sought to acquire new resources and markets for their goods to fuel industrialization and economic growth

Three main types of imperialism

Direct colonial control, settler colonialism, economic imperialism

Examples of settler colonialism

Colonization of South Africa by Dutch settlers, US and its manifest destiny, Australia and Outback

Urbanization

Process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of towns and cities

Distinct difference between socialism and capitalism

In a socialist system, the means of production are publicly owned, in a capitalist system they are owned by private individuals or corporations

Deeper causes of the Indian Rebellion

Cultural grievances, religious grirvances, economic grievances

Outcomes of the Sepoy Rebellion

Abolishment of the British East India Company, establishment of direct British control over India, an era known as the British Raj

Purpose of White Mans burden

Ending slave trade, spreading Christianity, civilizing and educating

Protectorate

Controlled by a foreign power, particularly for defense and foreign policy

Colony

Form of imperialism rules directly by a foreign power

Why China declared war on Great Britain

Introduction of opium into china

Why Boxer Rebellion occured

Opposition to foreigners and Chinese Christians

Outcome of Sepoy Rebellion

Britain took direct control of India

Boxers of China

Young men, trained in martial arts

Similarity between Sepoy Rebellion in India and Boxer Rebellion in China

Both were attempts to end foreign interference

Laissez-faire policy

Policy that let owners of industry set working conditions without government influence

Primary reason for formation of labor unions

Improving economic status for workers through collective bargaining

Problems caused by the Industrial Revolution

Exploitation of children in factory jobs, pollution, etc

How Adam Smith contributed to the development of capitalism in his book Wealth of Nations

Defending the idea of free markets

What led to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in England

Availability of labor, abundance of coal and iron, waterpower from many rivers

Sepoys

Indian soldiers

What happened because if the Sepoy Mutiny

British government took direct command of India

Africa

Region most affected by decisions made at the Berlin Conference of 1884

Meiji Restoration

Period in late 19th and early 20th centuries where Japan rapidly industrialized

What Japanese leaders did directly following the visit of Commodore Perry in 1853

They opened more ports to trade

Indigenous responses to imperialism

Negotiation, diplomacy, violent resistance