Topic 7

Adolescence

The period of life between ages 10 and 19, marked by puberty and significant physical and psychological development.

Puberty

The stage of life when a child's body develops into an adult body, capable of procreation, generally occurring between ages 9 and 13.

Menarche

The first occurrence of menstruation in girls, which can begin as early as age 8 in some cultures.

Intrapersonal and interpersonal asynchrony

Differences in development among individuals, particularly regarding sex differences during early and late adolescence.

Self-concept

An individual's perception of themselves, which can be affected by physical changes during adolescence, leading to issues such as body image and eating disorders.

Secular trend

A long-term pattern or trend, such as the tendency for children to reach developmental milestones, like puberty, earlier over time.

G. Stanley Hall

An American psychologist who pioneered the study of adolescence and defined it as a transitional phase leading to maturity.

Micro variation

Minor differences in development that are normal within the larger context of developmental stages.

Nature versus nurture debate

A discussion regarding the relative contributions of genetic inheritance (nature) and environmental factors (nurture) to human development.

Physical development

The process by which children grow and develop, encompassing changes in body size, proportions, and physical capabilities.