Electrolysis

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35 Terms

1

Electrolyte

________: substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water and is broken down by electrolysis.

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2

Anion

________: Negatively charged ion that moves to anode.

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3

Na+

________ and OH- ions are left in solution forming sodium hydroxide.

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4

Cation

________: Positively charged ion that moves to cathode.

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5

Brine

________: concentrated aqueous NaCl solution.

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6

→Reduction of positive cations

________ happens at the cathode.

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7

electrolysis aluminum

During ________ (Al3+ + 3e- → Al) is produced at the carbon cathode and oxygen (2O2-- 4e- → O2) at the carbon anode.

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8

metal ions

Positively charged H+ and ________ are attracted to the negative electrode but only one will gain electrons.

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9

metal

If the ________ is above hydrogen in the reactivity series, then hydrogen will be produced and bubbling will be seen at the cathode.

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10

Electrolysis

________: The breakdown of an electrolyte (ionic compound, molten or aqueous solution) by passing an electric current.

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11

OH

Negatively charged ________- ions and non- metal ions are attracted to the positive electrode.

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12

halide solution

If a dilute ________ is being electrolysed, oxygen is formed.

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13

Electrodes

________: Metal or graphite rods that aid the flow of electricity in and out of the electrolyte.

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14

Non metal ions

________ (other than hydrogen) are attracted to the positive electrode.

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15

halide ions

If no ________ are present, then OH- is discharged at the anode, gains electrons and forms oxygen gas.

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16

reactive ion

The product formed depends on which ion loses electrons more readily, with the more ________ remaining in solution.

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17

metal

If the ________ is above hydrogen in reactivity series, then hydrogen will be produced and bubbling will be seen at the cathode.

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18

Electrolysis

The breakdown of an electrolyte (ionic compound, molten or aqueous solution) by passing an electric current

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19

Electrodes

Metal or graphite rods that aid the flow of electricity in and out of the electrolyte

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20

Anode

Positive electrode

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21

Cathode

Negative Electrode

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22

Anion

Negatively charged ion that moves to anode

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23

Cation

Positively charged ion that moves to cathode

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24

Electrolyte

substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water and is broken down by electrolysis

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25

Electroplating

The process of coating the surface of a metal (more reactive) with another metal (less reactive) using electrolysis

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26

Cathode

thin strip of pure metal

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27

Anode

impure metal

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28

Electrolyte

Aqueous Salt Solution of metal

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29

The refining of copper

Impure copper as the anode and pure copper as the cathode; the aqueous copper (II) sulfate helps the copper ions move from the anode to the cathode

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30

Reaction at Cathode

Cu2+ + 2e Cu (mass increases)

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31

The main ore of aluminum is bauxite

high m.p

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32

Aluminum (III) oxide (alumina) is dissolved in molten cryolite (Na3AlF6)

this mixture has a lower m.p

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33

Brine

concentrated aqueous NaCl solution

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34

Ions present

Na+, H+, Cl- and OH-

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35

Na+ and OH

ions are left in solution forming sodium hydroxide

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