Untitled Flashcards Set

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

The rate at which the body uses energy at rest, accounting for 60–75% of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE), primarily determined by lean body mass.

Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)

The energy used to digest, absorb, and store food, accounting for approximately 5–10% of TEE.

Physical Activity

The component of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) that is the most variable, accounting for approximately 15–35%.

Hunger

The physiological drive to eat

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A measurement that classifies individuals based on weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared (kg/m²).

Obesity Risk Factors

Genetic, environmental, behavioral, and metabolic factors that increase the risk of obesity.

Anorexia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by severe caloric restriction, intense fear of weight gain, and low body weight.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder involving binge eating followed by purging through vomiting or laxatives.

Iron Deficiency

The most common nutrient deficiency worldwide, affecting various at-risk groups, including women and vegetarians.

Cancer Development Stages

The three steps involved in cancer development: initiation (DNA mutation), promotion (cell division), and progression (malignancy).

Teratogens

Substances capable of causing birth defects, such as alcohol and certain drugs.

Folate

A micronutrient essential for preventing neural tube defects, with increased needs during early pregnancy.

Gestational Diabetes

A condition that develops during pregnancy, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes later in life.

Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB)

A condition in infants that can be prevented by administering a vitamin K injection at birth.

Successful Aging

A concept that describes minimal disease and high functionality in older adults, contrasting with usual aging which involves normal decline.

'Nine Ds' of Geriatric Weight Loss

A list of factors that can contribute to weight loss in older adults, including disease, dysfunction, and dementia.

Appetite

the psychological desire for specific foods.