dunnadunu dunuunu ahhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
Mass
Amount of matter in a substance
Basic mass unit
Grams
Volume
Amount of space something occupies
Basic volume unit
ml liquid, cmÂł solid
Whats denser, Salt water or fresh water
Salt water, the salt adds mass
Whats denser, hot or cold water
Cold water, hot molecules expand
What shape is the sun
spheriod
what is the sun made of
gas and plasma
what holds the sun together
Balance and Thermal pressure (Hydrostatic equilibrium)
whats a spheriod
Not a perfect sphere, a smooth surface that is elongated at the poles or equator
whats plasma
Considered a 4th state of matter, It is a gas that has been energized where some electrons break free from but travel with their nucleus, most common state of matter in the universe
What is a spheriod, a football or basketball
A football is a spheriod, a basketball is round
why is earth a spheriod
It flatens at the polles and buldges at the equator
T/F the sun is a huge ball of plasma
true
What does the suns energy do to the Helium and Hydrogen atoms
Rips the electrons off helium and hydregon molocules that makes up the sun
Law of conservation of matter
a fundamental principle of classical physics that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system.
Who created the gun barrel experiment
Antoine Lavoisier
What is E=mc²
E=energy M=mass C²=speed of light squared, matter can be converted into energy and energy can be converted into matter
Where and when do fussion occur
in the earths core, When the sun reaches 10000000M K
what is fussion in the sun
4 hydregon atoms fuse to form one helium atom, a electron and a proton
If helium is less massive then the 4 hydregon, what happens to the mass left over
it is transfered into energy
why can a photon can take 100-200 years to reach photosphere
all the photons creat essentialy a traffic jam, with all the photons trying to escape they dont have much room to move.
How long is the sun going to keep fusing Hydregon into helium
another 5 billion years
study slide 23
actually
What is the suns diameter
1.4 million KM, this is 110 times earth
how many earths could the sun hold
about 1 million
What is the mass of the sun compared to planets in our solar system
745 times greater than all other planets combined and ~300,000 times greater than Earth
How hot is the sun
6000C at the visable surface and 15M inside the core
How many elements are in the sun
67
How much of each elements are in ethe sun
75% H, 24 percent He, 1% is made up of heavier elements, mainly carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, magnesium, silicon and iron.Â
What are the layers of the sun from inside out
Core, radiative zone, convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere, corona
Discribe the core
where fussion takes place
discibe the radiative zone
Energy moves in EMR
Convection zone
Transfer of energy by moving matter. Heat by the radiative zone, gases will rise and fall in convection currents.
Photosphere
Composed of gasses rising from the convection zone. Visible “surface”. Sometimes called first layer of atmosphere. The energy released peaks in the visible light part of the EM spectrum.  Â
Chromosphere
above the photosphere (only visible during total solar eclipse) 4,000-50,000 C. Comprised of jets of outward flowing gas. starts to heat up again
Corona
It is this high magnetic field and the stream of particles moving away from the Sun that MIGHT be the cause of the larger temperature spike.
What part of the sun rotates faster
The equatorial region of the Sun rotates faster ( 25 days) than the poles ( 33 days).
Sun spots
trong magnetic fields are produced during rotation. Where the field is the strongest it can inhibit convection. This will cause the surface to cool (3000 °C) and appear to be darker than the rest of the photosphere.
What did Galileo discover in the early 1600s
the sun spots rotate with the sun
What did Galileo prove
The sun rotates around something aswell
How long is a sunspots cycle
11 years
Solar prominence
Great clouds of glowing gases, form huge arches that reach high above the Sun’s surface. Each follows curved lines of magnetic force from a region of one magnetic polarity to a region of the opposite magnetic polarity.
Solar flares
an explosive release of energy that comes from the sun and that is associated with magnetic disturbances on the Sun’s surface
what impact do solar flares have on earth
They can cause radio, TV, and electrical grid interference on Earth.
What more violent a solar flare or prominence
a solar flare, they can last from minutes-hours, reach 20M celcius, and release the equivalent of nearly 2 billion megatons of TNT.
Define Coronal Mass Ejections (CME's)
a part of coronal gas that is thrown into space from the Sun. Also a danger to electrical grids.
Whats solar wind
 Electrically charged particles streaming from the corona. These ions travel at speeds of 250-800 km/sec and travel through the entire solar system. They escape the Sun’s gravity because of their high temperatures.Â
how much mass does the sun loose from solar wind
The Sun continuously “loses” 1 million tons/sec this way, but is only a total of 0.1 % smaller in mass since it’s formation 4.7 BYA
What is the magnetosphere
the region of space surrounding Earth where the dominant magnetic field is the magnetic field of Earth.
What is thought to be the cause of magnetism
Earth’s liquid and solid Fe and Ni rotating cores
How is the magnetosphere formed
the interaction of the solar wind with Earth’s magnetic field.Â
What are Auroras
Light produced by charged particles from the solar wind and from the magnetosphere that react with and excite the oxygen and nitrogen of Earth’s upper atmosphere
where do you usually see Auroras
Near earths magnetic poles