Unit 2 AP Lang

Audience Analysis

Writers analyze audiences’ values, beliefs, needs, and backgrounds to relate effectively.

Rhetorical Choice

A strategy used by writers to engage the audience through logos (logic), pathos (emotion), and ethos (credibility).

Logos

Logical appeal that engages the audience's reasoning with clear and detailed arguments.

Pathos

Emotional appeal that seeks to persuade by engaging the audience’s emotions.

Ethos

Credibility appeal that builds support and earns trust based on the writer’s background or shared values.

Reasons in Writing

Evidence used to illustrate, clarify, emphasize a point, or create association.

Credible Source

A source of evidence that is recent, relatable, accurate, and can be verified.

Persuasion

The act of convincing an audience to take action or change their behavior.

Call to Action

A statement that encourages the audience to take action, which can be inductive or deductive.

Syntax

The deliberate arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences suited to the audience.

Persuasive Argument

An argument that aims to convince an audience to accept a viewpoint or take action using logos, pathos, and ethos.

Valid Argument

An argument that is justified through logical reasons and supported by compelling evidence.

Evidence

Information that is relevant, sufficient, typical, and accurate, used to support claims in writing.

Line of Reasoning

The reasoning path that justifies claims and connects evidence to the thesis or claim.

Inductive Reasoning

A reasoning process that moves from specific observations to broader conclusions.

Deductive Reasoning

A reasoning process that starts with a general thesis and assumes common beliefs with the audience.

examples of evidence

analogies, anecdotes, details, examples, experiments, expert opinions, facts, illustrations, personal experiences/observations, statistics, testimonies

relevant

writer explains significance and relevance to line of reasoning for particular audience

sufficient

quantity and quality appropriate for argument

typical

representative of a population or issue

accurate

is it relatable, recent, and accurate