Histology & Tissue Classification (Functions & Locations)

What are the three embryonic tissues & their order?

ectoderm (outermost), mesoderm (middle), endoderm (innermost)

What are the adult derivatives of the ectoderm?

skin, eyes, & brain

What are the adult derivatives of the mesoderm?

mesenchyme: bone, blood, cardiac muscle

What are the adult derivatives of the endoderm?

mucus membranes: GI tract, respiratory tract, glands

What are the Four Primary Tissues?

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

What are the functions of Epithelial Tissue?

protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, & sensory

What are the two key characteristics of epithelial tissues & where are their locations?

Apical Surface (borders open space) and Basal Surface (next to connective tissue)

What is the function of simple squamous epithelial tissue?

easy diffusion ; secretion

Where is the location of simple squamous epithelial tissue?

lungs, kidneys, & vessels

What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelial tissue?

secretion & absorption

Where is the location of simple cuboidal epithelial tissue?

kidneys, glands, ovaries, ducts

What is the function of simple columnar epithelial tissue?

secretion & absorption

Where is the location of simple columnar epithelial tissue?

GI, gallbladder, & glands

What is the function of pseudo stratified columnar epithelial tissue?

secretion & propel mucus

Where is the location of pseudo stratified columnar epithelial tissue?

trachea and upper respiratory tract, in sperm carrying ducts and large glands

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelial tissue?

protection

Where is the location of stratified squamous epithelial tissue?

esophagus, mouth, vagina, skin

What is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue?

secretion

Where is the location of stratified cuboidal epithelium

sweat glands, ovaries, testes

What is the function of transitional epithelial tissue?

stretches

Where is the location of transitional epithelial tissue?

urinary tract & bladder

What are the functions of connective tissue?

binding/support, protection, insulating, storing, & transportation

What are the key characteristics of connective tissue?

extracellular matrix takes up more space than cells, most abundant in the body, common origin

What is the function of loose areolar connective tissue?

support, defense, & storage

Where is the location of loose areolar connective tissue?

universal; all mucus membranes as lamina propria

What are the functions of adipose tissue?

support, defense, insulation, and STORAGE (primary)

Where is the location of adipose tissue

universal (about 18% of weight)

What is the function of loose reticular connective tissue?

support defense cells

Where is the location of loose reticular connective tissue?

lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen)

What is the function of dense regular connective tissue?

strength

Where is the location of dense regular connective tissue?

tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses (sheath connecting muscle to muscles/bones)

What is the function of dense irregular connective tissue?

strength (structural & functional)

What is the location of dense irregular connective tissue?

joint capsules, dermis, digestive tract

What is the function of dense elastic connective tissue?

recoil (stretch & come back to original shape)

Where is the location of dense elastic connective tissue?

arteries, some ligaments, lungs

What is the function of hyaline cartilage?

support & cushion

Where is the location of hyaline cartilage?

ends of bones, costal cartilages, nose, trachea, and larynx

What is the function of elastic cartilage?

shape & flexibility

Where is the location of elastic cartilage?

external ear, epiglottis

What is the function of fibrocartilage?

strength and shock absorption

Where is the location of fibrocartilage?

intervertebral discs, menisci, pubic symphysis

What is the function of bone tissue?

support and protection

Where is the location of bone tissue?

bone!

What is the function of blood? (non-traditional)

carry nutrients, wastes, respiratory gases, and other substances

What is the function of muscle tissue?

contraction/movement

What are the three types of muscle tissue and where are they?

skeletal (name muscles), smooth(digestion, urinary tract/bladder, uterus, blood vessels), cardiac(heart)

What is the function of nerve tissue?

respond to stimuli, generate impulses, transmit impulses

What are the three classes of epithelium?

simple, pseudo stratified columnar, & stratified

What are the three epithelial cell shapes?

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

what are the four types of connective tissue?

connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, & blood

what are the two types of connective tissue proper?

loose & dense

what are the three types of loose connective tissue

areolar, adipose, reticular

what are the three types of dense connective tissue?

regular, irregular, elastic

what are the three types of cartilage?

hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage