Topic 4.4 - America on the World Stage

1st Barbary War

Pirates from the coast of northern Africa (called the Barbary coast) would demand bribes from nations who wanted to trade in the Mediterranean Sea region. Although Presidents Washington and Adams paid the bribes demanded by these pirates, President Jefferson saw it as affront to freedom of the sees and American independence.

Napoleonic Wars

A series of wars fought between France (led by Napoleon Bonaparte) and alliances of other European countries (including England, Austria and Russia). These wars led to the impressment of American sailors by the British navy that was trying to man their ships and fend off a French invasion of Britain.

Chesapeake and Leopard Affair

The crew of an American ship refused to allow British sailors on board to search for suspected British deserters. The British fired on the U.S. ship killing American sailors. The event started a lot of anti-British sentiment in the United States.

Embargo Act

Signed into law by President Jefferson, this act that prohibited American merchants from trading with other countries

Battle of Tippecanoe

Battle between the U.S. Army and Native Americans in which Tecumseh and his brother known as "The Prophet" attempted to stop any further white settlement in the west. William Henry Harrison. The British support of the Native Americans served as a cause to the War of 1812.

Techumseh

A famous chief of the Shawnee who tried to unite Native American tribes to stop any further American settlement in Indiana and further west.

The Prophet

Brother of Tecumseh who attacked U.S. Army soldiers in Indiana, which led to the Battle of Tippecanoe.

War of 1812

A war between the U.S. and Great Britain caused by American outrage over the impressment of American sailors by the British, the British seizure of American ships, and British aid to the Indians attacking the Americans on the western frontier.

War Hawks

Southerners and Westerners who were eager for war with Britain. They had a strong sense of nationalism, and they wanted to takeover British land in North America and expand.

British impressment of U.S. sailors

The British navy was short of recruits, so impressment (legalized kidnapping of people into the military) was a solution to this problem. This was a cause of the War of 1812.

Federalist opposition to War of 1812

The Federalist party was mainly composed of New England merchants; these merchants wanted good relations with Britain because they made a lot of money through trading with Britain.

Battle of Lake Erie

Battle where a Naval force led by Oliver Hazard Perry defeated the British and secured one more Great Lake.

Hartford Convention

Meeting of Federalists near the end of the War of 1812 in which the party listed it's complaints against the ruling Republican Party. The Federalists called for revisions to the Constitution and some even called for secession!

Treaty of Ghent

Treaty that ended the War of 1812.

Battle of New Orleans

A battle during the War of 1812 where the British army attempted to take New Orleans. Due to the foolish frontal attack, Jackson defeated them, which gave him an enormous popularity boost.

Andrew Jackson's military campaign in GA and FL

Andrew Jackson, a general in the U.S. Army, went into Georgia and attacked the Creek Native Americans there. Jackson then entered Spanish Florida and attacked Seminole Native Americans. General Jackson's purpose was to create a U.S. Army presence in this area where American settlers were being attacked by Native Americans who had been allied with the British during the War of 1812.

Rush-Bagot Treaty

Treaty between the U.S. and Great Britain (which controlled Canada); the treaty provided for the mutual disarmament of the Great Lakes.

Florida Purchase Treaty (Adams-Onis Treaty)

An 1819 treaty, in which Spain turned over Florida and the Oregon Territory to the United States. The U.S. agreed to give up any claims in Texas.

Florida Purchase Treaty

What is another name for the Adams-Onis Treaty?

Adams-Onis Treaty

What is another name for the Florida Purchase Treaty?

1. Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S.
Only England, in particular George Canning, supported the Monroe Doctrine. Mostly just a show of nationalism, the doctrine had no major impact until later in the 1800s.

2. If a colony in the western hemisphere gained its independence from a European county, that colony must never be "re-colonized" and must remain independent.
In other words . . . a New World colony which has gained independence may not be recolonized by Europe. (It was written at a time when many South American nations were gaining independence).

3. The U.S. will stay out of the affairs of European nations (in Europe).

Name all three parts of the Monroe Doctrine.

1. Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S.
Only England, in particular George Canning, supported the Monroe Doctrine. Mostly just a show of nationalism, the doctrine had no major impact until later in the 1800s.

2. If a colony in the western hemisphere gained its independence from a European county, that colony must never be "re-colonized" and must remain independent.
In other words . . . a New World colony which has gained independence may not be recolonized by Europe. (It was written at a time when many South American nations were gaining independence).

3. The U.S. will stay out of the affairs of European nations (in Europe).

Name all three parts of the Monroe Doctrine.

1. Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S.
Only England, in particular George Canning, supported the Monroe Doctrine. Mostly just a show of nationalism, the doctrine had no major impact until later in the 1800s.

2. If a colony in the western hemisphere gained its independence from a European county, that colony must never be "re-colonized" and must remain independent.
In other words . . . a New World colony which has gained independence may not be recolonized by Europe. (It was written at a time when many South American nations were gaining independence).

3. The U.S. will stay out of the affairs of European nations (in Europe).

Name all three parts of the Monroe Doctrine.