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what is crude oil made from
long dead animals and plants (through heat and pressure)
define the term hydrocarbon
made from hydrogen and carbon
what is an alkane
a saturated hydrocarbon (contains only single carbon bonds)
what is the formula for an alkane
CnH2n+2
what is the order for hydrocarbon prefixes
meth eth prop but
what is complete combustion
burning with plenty of oxygen
what are the products of complete combustion
carbon dioxide and water
How do you make crude oil useful
fractional distillation
what does fractional distillation do
separates the mixture of hydrocarbons in crude oil into similar sized alkanes, to make them much more useful
Describe the process of fractional distillation
Heat the oil (~360), put heated oil into fractionating column, gases will rise up cool and condense, as a liquid the fractions are removed
what are the products of incomplete combustion
carbon, carbon monoxide and water
define the term monomer
small molecule that comes together to make a polymer
define the term polymer
long chain molecule made of repeated monomers
how is a polymer formed
when alkenes react to form a long chain
how do you form a carboxylic acid
oxidising an alcohol
how do you form an alcohol (from an alkene)
reacting an alkene with steam and catalyst
What monomers are proteins made of?
amino acids
What is meant by the term biodegradable?
can be broken down by microbes
Proteins can be chemically broken down to produce amino acids.
What is the name of this chemical process?
hydrolysis
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