Diagram from all units

tariff winner and losers

export subsidy

production subsidy

import quotas

free trade

tariff

er appreciation

ER

fiscal policy

contractionary monetary policy

expansionary monetary policy

short term growth

long term growth

keynes

producer subsidy effect on firms

lorenz curve

AD AS

tradable permit

keysney 1 low gdp 2 gdp increase 3 output is max

gov buying surplus pf

blue cs green ps dwl yellow gov is cs and ps

structural unemployement

specific tax

ad valorem tax

demand pull inflation

cost push inflation

pc with burden

PPC increase in actual grwoth

increasing opp cost

constant opp. cost

Positive externalities of consumption

tradable permit in effect

Perfectly Inelastic Demand

business cycle

PED on demand curve

Unit Elastic Demand

Positive externalities of production

depreciation ER

Perfectly Elastic Supply

supply and demand

Negative externalities of production

Market-based policy - indirect taxation

circular flow of income with l/i

gov regulation or advertisement

perfectly inelastic supply

Perfectly Elastic Demand

Unit Elastic Supply

monetarist new classic view

Negative externalities of consumption

increase in production possibilities

price ceiling

price floor

engel curve - yed

NRU on diagram

s/D cs + ps

shifting LRAS

deflation and inflation

circular flow of income no l/i

The law of diminishing marginal returns (HL)

PED - Along a straight line demand curve (HL)  

Supply of Money

Keynes with spending (multiplier)

Crowding out effects on AD/AS

Price ceilings, PS, CS, GR

Price floor, PS, CS, GR

Indirect taxes, CB, PB, GR

Producer subsidies, CE, PE, GR

Costs of production in the short-run

Costs of production in the long-run

Economies of scale

Profit maximization in perfect competition in the SR

Perfectly competitive firms making losses in the SR

Perfectly competitive firms making abnormal profit in the SR

perf. comp: Short-run losses to normal profit in the long-run

perf. comp: Short-run abnormal to normal profit in the long-run

perf. comp:Allocative efficiency

Profit maximization by the monopolist

Natural monopolies

Monopoly market outcomes and efficiency

Monopoly making abnormal profits

Monopoly making losses

Monopoly at allocative efficiency

monopolistic competition in allocative efficiency

monopolistic competition profit maximized

monopolistic competition making losses

monopolistic competition making abnormal profits

oligopoly making abnormal profits

oligopoly profit maximized

Game theory

Short-run Philips curve

curve can shift btw

Long-run Philips curve

Free trade: absolute and comparative advantage

Free floating exchange rates - appreciation

Fixed exchange rates

Supply can also shift btw

managed exchange rates

The Marshall-Lerner Condition (J-Curve)