World History - Unit Test 5

A style of art that occurs in the 1900’s through present, and is characterized by an emphasis on form is called

modernism

Painters who focused on light and color were called

impressionists

An example of a famous abstract artist is

picasso

Artists who make little or no attempt to paint things as they really look are called

abstractionists

The founder of abstract expressionist painting, known for splattering paint onto canvas

Jackson Pollock

A school of philosophy focusing on the nature of existence

existentialism

. Popular art and culture is called

pop culture

Who was a famous pop artist painter of the 1960s and 1970s?

Andy Warhol

Name three things that contributed to the spread of pop culture in the early 1900s:

movies, radio, music

The U.S. plan to reconstruct western Europe's economy after WWII by sending $13 billion was called

The Marshall Plan

The doctrine that said the U.S. would defend other countries from communism:

Truman Doctrine

The Soviet agreement stating that all eastern European communist governments would be military allies:

Warshaw Pact

The threat of nuclear war between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. (Soviet Union) was called:

the Cold War

What changes are occurring to Pacific island cultures due to global warming?

evacuation due to flooding

What changes are occurring in Arctic communities due to global warming?

melting permafrost, fewer days when ice is frozen

What holiday was started in the United States to bring awareness to environmental problems?

Earth Day

What are two things China is doing to improve the environment?

Planting the Great Green Wall in the north, using electric buses in some cities

Name the U.S. government agency that gathers data about changes in the earth's temperature, atmospheric composition and oceans:

NASA

What is decolonization?

when a country gains independence from colonial rule

What is the purpose of having a colony?

to make a profit

What was Gandhi’s goal for India?

independence from British

What methods did Gandhi use to achieve his goal?

non-violent resistance, fasting, civil disobedience

What is something that Gandhi refused to do?

use or encourage violence

Why did Gandhi encourage people to make their own salt and cloth?

to make India self- reliant and reduce profits for Great Britain

Which religion do most of India’s people practice?

Hinduism

Which two religious groups were fighting each other in India?

Hindus and Muslims

What did Gandhi want for both religious groups?

peaceful coexistence

Why was Pakistan created?

So that Muslims could have their own government

Which political party took control of China in 1949, and who was its leader?

Communist Party; Mao Zedong

What was the Great Leap Forward?

Plan to modernize China's economy

What were some problems that resulted from the Great Leap Forward?

famine, poor quality steel, relocation, death

In China, what was the Cultural Revolution?

a constant revolution to prevent corruption and classism

Grouping enemy tribes together, splitting the same cultures apart, cutting off trade/migratory routes/access to resources were all problems that were caused when:

Europeans divided Africa into colonial territories.

List three reasons why Europeans became interested in Africa:

Not harmed by tropical illnesses as much, wanted profit from Africa's resources, wanted to expand their market for manufactured goods

Who did Europeans train as soldiers to prevent people from rebelling against European rule?

local people

How did cash crops, imposed by Europeans, affect many Africans?

starvation, poverty, social disruption

What happened in Rwanda in 1994?

genocide

Why did the Hutus hate the Tutsis?

Belgians had favored the Tutsis to enforce Belgian rules

What did the rest of the world do about the situation in Rwanda?

nothing

Who was Paul Rusesabagina, and what did he do?

Manager of Milles Collines hotel; saved over 1,000 lives during Rwanda's genocide by sheltering people in the hotel

What was apartheid?

Public segretation in South Africa

Who ended apartheid and brought democracy to South Africa?

Nelson Mandela

What were things like for non-white people living in South Africa during apartheid?

Poverty, couldn't vote, job discrimination, public segregation

What sacrifice did Nelson Mandela make in order to gain equality for all South Africans

spent 27 years in jail

List some good things that are happening in African nations today:

Malaria vaccination program, Africa's Great Green Wall, booming solar panel industry, Nollywood, Pan-African Farmers' Organization (PAFO), waste recycling, agribusiness

What strategy do Latin American countries use to make money?

export raw materials

What kind of things do Latin American countries import?

technological items

Who tried to industrialize Argentina?

Juan Peron

Who expropriated oil production in Mexico?

Lazaro Cardenas

List three reasons why trade between Latin American countries and developed nations is unequal:

Have to give more in exchange for less,Prevented from using own natural resources ,Short-term, high interest loans from other countries

Why do Latin American countries continue to participate in unequal trade?

Want technology but can't afford to set up own manufacturing

When religious leaders use religion to encourage the poor to stand up for their rights and demand basic necessities from the government, it is called:

liberation theology

Is most of Latin America rural, or urban?

rural

Why do many Latin Americans move to cities?

for jobs

Why do many Latin Americans have a hard time getting a stable job in their home countries

jobs are temporary and low-paying, need an education for a decent job but need a decent job to pay for an education

Why do many rural people in Latin America remain in poverty?

need to pay for education, but can't because of lack of jobs

Describe the middle class in Latin America:

there is none

What are some problems in Latin American countries that cause people to leave?

violence from drug cartels and gangs, lack of money, corruption

What is happening to environmental activists and journalists in Latin America?

being murdered

What did Great Britain promise to give Arabs in exchange for their help in fighting against the Ottoman Empire during WWI?

palestine

What are the people in Palestine and Israel fighting about?

land

Why does Israel think it's acceptable to keep expanding into Palestinian territory?

it doesn’t recognize palestine as a real country

The worst drought in 900 years occurred in

Syria

The Syrian government's attacks on pro-democracy demonstrators caused

civil war

What did the U.S. promise to do for Iraq's people if they tried to overthrow Saddam Hussein? Did the U.S. keep its promise?

send help, no

Currently, which country is experiencing the world's worst humanitarian crisis?

yemen