Lab Exam

Light Microscopy

Utilizes visible light and lenses to magnify small objects.

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

Invented the simple light microscope.

Robert Hooke

Developed the first compound microscope.

Nucleus

Contains DNA, acts as the command center of the cell.

Ribosomes

Sites of protein synthesis in the cell.

Mitochondria

Energy producers of the cell, containing their own DNA.

Rough ER

Involved in protein synthesis.

Smooth ER

Involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

Simple Epithelial Tissue

Types include squamous, cuboidal, and columnar.

Stratified Epithelial Tissue

Types include stratified squamous and cuboidal tissues.

Transitional Epithelial Tissue

Specialized for stretching.

Basement Membrane

Anchors epithelial tissue and facilitates filtration.

Skeletal Muscle

Voluntary, striated muscle tissue.

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary, striated muscle tissue found in the heart.

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary, non-striated muscle tissue.

Connective Tissue

Functions include structural support, energy storage, transport, and protection.

Fibrocartilage

Provides tensile strength; found in intervertebral discs.

Bone

Supports the body, allows for mineral storage, and facilitates blood cell formation.

Integumentary System

Consists of skin, hair, and nails.

Epidermis

Outer skin layer with protective functions.

Dermis

Contains blood vessels and nerves.

Hypodermis

Connective tissue layer beneath the skin.

Hair Structure

Comprised of shaft, root, and bulb; includes growth phases (anagen, catagen, telogen).

Nail Structure

Composed of hard keratin; includes nail body, root, eponychium, and lunula.