Monarchs, Intellectuals, Religious and Political Leaders

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16 Terms

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Petrarch

Often called the 'father of Humanism,' he was key in the recovery of classical texts.

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The Prince

A treatise by Machiavelli on how to acquire and maintain political power, advocating for ruthless tactics.

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Thomas More

English humanist and author of Utopia, a work describing an ideal society.

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Ferdinand and Isabella

The Catholic Monarchs of Spain who unified the country and sponsored Columbus's voyages.

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Prince Henry the Navigator

Portuguese prince who sponsored voyages of exploration along the African coast.

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Vasco da Gama

Portuguese explorer who discovered a sea route to India.

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Martin Luther

German theologian who initiated the Protestant Reformation with his Ninety-Five Theses.

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Henry VIII

King of England who broke with the Catholic Church to establish the Church of England.

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Ignatius Loyola

Founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), dedicated to combating Protestantism.

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Cardinal Richelieu

French statesman who strengthened the monarchy and intervened in the Thirty Years' War.

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Louis XIV

The 'Sun King' of France known for his absolute rule and lavish court.

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John Locke

English philosopher who advocated for natural rights and limited government.

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Copernicus

Astronomer who proposed the heliocentric theory that challenges the geocentric view of the universe.

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Montesquieu

French political philosopher who advocated for the separation of powers in government.

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Catherine the Great (Russia)

Russian empress who implemented some Enlightenment ideas while maintaining autocratic rule.

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Louis XVI

King of France during the French Revolution who was eventually executed.