C3: Skin structure and Growth

Dermatology

Medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.

Skin Specifics

The skin is the largest and one of the most important organs of the body.

2. Weighs about nine (4 kg) pounds

Epidermis

Outermost layer of the skin, Has 5 layers

Stratum Corneum

Layer of skin that is treated by cosmetologist

Keratin

fibrous protein, principal component of hair and nails

Stratum Lucidum

the clear , transparent layer under the stratum corneum. This layer is thicker on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. forms unique fingerprints and footprints

Stratum Spinosum

process of skin cell shedding begins

Stratum Germinativum

also known as the basal cell layer, the deepest layer of the epidermis . Contains special cells called melanocytes that produce the dark skin pigment called melanin

Dermis

The underlying/ inner layer of skin that is 25x thicker than epidermis

arrestor pili muscle

goosebumps

papillary layer

outer layer of dermis ( right under epidermis) the dermis houses the nerve endings that provide body with sense of touch, pain, heat, cold and pressure

Dermal Papillae

Small cone-shaped elevation at the bottom of hair follicles

Epidermal Dermal Junction

Top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis

Reticular layer

Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients

Subcutaneous Tissue

fatty layer found below dermis. also called adipose or subcutis tissue. gives smoothness to body, contains fats for energy, and acts as cushion for outer skin

Motor muscle

carry impulses from brain to muscle and stimulates the muscle

Sensory Nerve Fibers

React to heat, cold, touch, pressure and pain which sends messages to the brain

Melanin

tiny grains of pigment (coloring matter) that are deposited into cells in the stratum germinativum layer and helps protect sensitive cells from UV rays

Pheomelanin

reddish-yellow pigment

Eumelanin

brownish black pigment

Collagen and Elastin

strength and flexibility of the skin

Collagen

if fibers are weakened , skin can lost tone and suppleness, wrinkle and sag. Lose their strength due to exposure to UV light

Elastin

It gives skin flexibility

sudoriferous glands

sweat glands, excretes sweat to regulate body temp and eliminate waste products

sebaceous gland

oil glands, secretes oil to lubricate the skin

Vitamin A

Improves elasticity and thickness

Vitamin C

It also promotes collagen in dermal tissues

Vitamin D

enables the body to absorb and use calcium

Water

makes up 50 to 70 percent of the body's weight and is necessary for virtually every function of the cells and body