Chapter_7._Thinking_and_Intelligence

Cognitive Revolution

A period that marked the growth of cognitive psychology, focusing on the way information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.

What are concepts in cognitive psychology?

Mental categories used to group objects, events, and characteristics.

Problem Solving

The process of finding an appropriate way to attain a goal that is not readily accessible.

What is functional fixedness?

The failure to solve a problem due to an inability to see a new use for an object.

Inductive reasoning

Reasoning from specific observations to make broad generalizations.

What does controlled reasoning involve?

Conscious reflection about an issue, and is slower, effortful, and analytical.

Confirmation bias

The tendency to search for and use information that supports ideas rather than contradicts them.

What is the availability heuristic?

Prediction about the possibility of an event based on recalling or imagining similar events.

Divergent thinking

The ability to produce multiple solutions to the same problem.

What are the three forms of intelligence in Sternberg’s triarchic theory?

Analytical, Creative, and Practical intelligence.